Systems and methods for collaborative storytelling in a virtual space

ABSTRACT

User-submitted content (e.g., stories) may be associated with descriptive metadata (intersection metadata), such as a timeframe, location, tags, and so on. Story content is presented in a virtual space, such as a forum, chatroom, or the like. Users submit collaborative content as the story is presented in the virtual space. The collaborative content is synchronized to presentation of the story. An author may replay the presentation and synchronized collaborative content and/or select portions of the collaborative content for inclusion in the story.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefit of U.S. patent application Ser. No.13/542,531, entitled “SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR COLLABORATIVE STORYTELLINGIN A VIRTUAL SPACE,” filed Jul. 5, 2012 for Peter Rinearson, whichclaims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/504,648 entitled“SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR COLLABORATIVE STORYTELLING IN A VIRTUAL SPACE,”filed Jul. 5, 2011, for Peter Rinearson, and which is a continuation inpart of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/114,959, entitled “SYSTEMSAND METHODS FOR IDENTIFYING INTERSECTIONS USING CONTENT METADATA,” filedMay 24, 2011, and which claims priority to U.S. Provisional ApplicationNo. 61/347,815, entitled “INTERSECT,” filed May 24, 2010 for PeterRinearson, each of which are fully incorporated herein by reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This disclosure relates to user-submitted content and, in particular, tomaintaining associations between user-submitted story content andcommentary.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1A depicts one embodiment of a story contribution interface;

FIG. 1B depicts one embodiment of a link badge authoring interface;

FIG. 2 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method for identifyingsparker questions;

FIG. 3 depicts exemplary intersections;

FIG. 4 is a flow diagram of a method for identifying intersections;

FIG. 5A depicts one embodiment of an interface for presenting anintersection space;

FIG. 5B depicts another embodiment of an interface for presenting anintersection space;

FIG. 5C depicts one embodiment of an interface for presenting auser-submitted content, such as a story;

FIG. 6 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method for orderingstories in an intersection space;

FIG. 7A is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method for determiningstory importance using timeframe comparisons

FIG. 7B depicts examples of timeframe comparisons;

FIG. 8A depicts one embodiment of a method for determining storyimportance using location comparisons;

FIG. 8B depicts examples of location comparisons;

FIG. 8C depicts examples of location partitioning;

FIG. 9A depicts examples of item chronology;

FIG. 9B is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method for determiningthe relative relevance of stories in an intersection space;

FIG. 10A is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method for identifyingimportant items in a chronology;

FIG. 10B is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method for filteringan intersection space;

FIG. 10C is a flow diagram of another embodiment of a method foridentifying intersecting stories using intersection criteria;

FIG. 10D is a flow diagram of another embodiment of a method foridentifying intersecting stories and determining the relative relevanceof stories in an intersection space;

FIGS. 11A-C depict embodiments of a timeframe control interface element;

FIG. 12 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method for displaying atimeframe control interface element;

FIG. 13 depicts one embodiment of an interface for authoring achronological user profile;

FIG. 14 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method for presenting achronological user profile;

FIG. 15 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method for dynamicallymodifying the appearance of an avatar;

FIGS. 16A and 16B are flow diagrams of exemplary methods for controllingaccess to content using user-defined access controls;

FIG. 17 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method for modifyingstory participants;

FIG. 18 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method for developing auser model from user-submitted content;

FIG. 19A is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method for identifyingaffinities between users;

FIG. 19B is a flow diagram of another embodiment of a method foridentifying affinities between users;

FIG. 20 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method for identifyinga missed connection;

FIG. 21 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method for providinguser introductions while maintaining user privacy;

FIG. 22 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method for approving anintroduction while maintaining user privacy;

FIG. 23 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method for identifyinga missed connection;

FIG. 24 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method for merging twoor more semblances;

FIG. 25 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method for associatinga user with a semblance;

FIG. 26 is a flow diagram of another embodiment of a method forassociating a user with a semblance;

FIG. 27 depicts an embodiment of an interface for presenting astoryline;

FIGS. 28A-C depict exemplary embodiments of interfaces for presenting astoryline;

FIG. 28D depicts one embodiment of an “Overview” or “Front Page” storyinterface;

FIG. 29 depicts examples of access control and policy components;

FIG. 30 is a block diagram of a system and apparatus for providing anetwork-accessible service as disclosed herein; and

FIG. 31 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method forcollaborative storytelling in a virtual space.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Websites and/or web services featuring user-submitted content arebecoming increasingly popular and are among the most heavily traffickedwebsites on the Internet. Content submitted to such websites is oftentransient and can be lost or removed over time. Moreover, given the highvolume of user-submitted content, it may be difficult to find content ofinterest to particular users.

As will be described below, the value of user-submitted content may beincreased by associating the content with descriptive metadata(including, but not limited to intersection metadata, such as timeframeand location). As used herein “content,” “user-submitted content,”and/or a “content item” may refer to any content or content item knownin the art including, but not limited to: text, images, video, audio,executable code, markup language, attachments, or the like. In someembodiments, the intersection metadata may include a timeframe and/orlocation (among other things). The timeframe and location metadata maybe used to group the content of a particular user into a “chronology,”identify “intersections” between an intersection criteria (e.g.,timeframe and/or location) and content, provide for convenient browsingand/or searching within dynamic “intersection spaces,” and so on.

The teachings of the disclosure may be implemented using a generalizednetwork-accessible service, which may be configured to allow users to:author, contribute, upload, and/or publish user-submitted content;manage content collections (e.g., storylines); present content includinguser-submitted content; search or browse user-submitted content; manageuser profile or account information; maintain user privacy settings;manage access control preferences; and so on, as disclosed herein.Accordingly, the network-accessible service may comprise one or morecomputing devices, datastores (e.g., databases, computer-readablestorage media, directories, and the like), communications interfaces,and other hardware and/or software components.

Users may access the network-accessible service using a computingdevice, such as a personal computer, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA),a kiosk, a cellular phone, a Smartphone, a handheld computer, a notebookcomputer, a netbook, a tablet computer, or the like. User access may beprovided via any communication mechanisms known in the art including,but not limited to: a Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol(TCP/IP) network (e.g., the Internet), a Local Area Network (LAN), aWide Area Network (WAN), a Virtual Private Network (VPN), a PublicSwitched Telephone Network (PSTN), a wireless network (e.g., radio, IEEE802.11), a combination of networks, and so on.

In some embodiments, the network-accessible service may provide varioususer interfaces adapted for display on the various types of computingdevices described above. The interfaces may be implemented using anyuser-interface mechanism known in the art. The interfaces may beprovided as: Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML) interfaces, VirtualReality Modeling Language (VRML) interfaces, text interfaces (e.g.,TELNET), audio interfaces, Accessibility interfaces (e.g., a11yinterfaces), and so on. Alternatively, or in addition, thenetwork-accessible service may be configured to interact with one ormore dedicated, client application(s), which may be special purposeapplications installed on a user computing device and/or operating asplug-ins to other applications (e.g., operating as a browser applicationplug-in, an applet (or “app”), or the like).

In some embodiments, a network-accessible service may be implemented asa website (a computing system comprising one or more server computingdevices). The website may be configured to provide interfaces and/orinterface components in a browser-renderable format, such as HTML.However, as discussed above, the disclosure is not limited in thisregard and could be implemented using any interaction technique known inthe art.

A contributor may submit a “story” to a network-accessible service(e.g., website). As used herein, a story may comprise content (one ormore content items) and associated descriptive metadata (includingintersection metadata). A story may contain one or more content items,which, as described above, may include, but are not limited to: images,video, text, audio, executable code, and the like. Accordingly, as usedherein, a “story” refers to a single content item (e.g., a singlepicture), a collection of content items (or the same of different types,e.g., photos with accompanying text), multi-media content, metadata,external content (e.g., linked, imported, or referenced content), or thelike. For example, a story may consist of metadata that is not linked toany particular content item, but which conveys that a person was presentor interested in a particular time, location, and/or subject matterrepresented by the metadata (regardless of the story content, if any);story metadata may determine the timeframe and/or location of the storyin the absence of any story content. A story may consist of metadatathat is linked to, or otherwise references, external content, such ascontent that is not stored on and/or maintained by thenetwork-accessible service. For example, a story may consist of a linkor reference to a blog post or article on an online newspaper, plusmetadata (potentially including time and/or location) about the post orarticle. Story content (e.g., story content items) may compriseuser-submitted content, user-authored content, linked content (e.g.,content submitted by other users and/or available at network-accessiblelocations, such as other websites or services), or the like, asdescribed above. A story may be associated with metadata, such as atimeframe, location information, people identified as storyparticipants, people identified as finding the story of interest,identification of the story contributor, descriptive tags, ratinginformation, and so on. The timeframe and location metadata of a storymay be used as “intersection metadata,” in that they determine anintersection of time and place.

Timeframe metadata may specify the “prevailing time” of a story. In someembodiments, the timeframe may indicate the timeframe during which theevents described in a story took place. The story timeframe may bedetermined by the story contributor. For example, the timeframe of astory about a sporting event (e.g., football game) may comprise the timefrom the kickoff to the end of the game, a story about a particular playmay be assigned a different timeframe (e.g., the last thirty seconds ofthe game), and the timeframe of a story about a fan's experience at thegame may start when the fan arrives at the parking lot to tailgate andend in the middle of the first half when the fan becomes sick and has toleave. Alternatively, or in addition, timeframe metadata may be used toindicate a time period during which the story is “relevant,” and, insome cases, may be open ended. For instance, the timeframe of a storyabout the contributor's life in a particular town may begin at the timethe contributor moves to the town and may not be assigned an endingpoint until the contributor moves away.

In some embodiments, the timeframe may be expressed using an alias. Forexample, a contributor may not want to let other users know his/her trueage. Therefore, in a story describing the contributor's high schoolgraduation, the timeframe may be specified as simply “graduation day” or“senior year.” The timeframe alias may be associated with an actualtimeframe. However, access to the actual timeframe may be limited tocertain trusted users (e.g., the contributor's family and friends). Aswill be discussed below, the use of an alias to specify story metadata(contributor, timeframe, location, or the like) may determine how otherusers can find the story. For example, a user may not be able to findthe story based on timeframe, unless the user has access to the “actualtime” of the story.

Story location metadata may indicate the “prevailing location” of astory. In some examples, the location may identify where the eventsdescribed in the story took place. For example, a story about a sportingevent may specify the location of the stadium. The location may bespecified at varying levels of detail or granularity. For instance, thelocation metadata of a sporting event story may indicate the sectionand/or row where the contributor was sitting. Alternatively, thelocation may be specified more broadly to include a “region” around theevents (e.g., the entire stadium, the city in which the game was played,and so on). Location metadata may describe where an event or other storytook place, or alternatively it may describe the vantage from which theevent was observed or the story told. For example, when Central Park inNew York City is observed and photographed from the Empire StateBuilding, the location metadata may describe either or both of thesubject (Central Park) or vantage (Empire State Building). Locationmetadata may be used to indicate that the story took place at multiplelocations. For instance, a story about a marathon may include locationmetadata that encompasses the race course. In some embodiments, thelocation may be tied to the timeframe information (e.g., to allow themetadata to reflect the contributor's progress through the race courseover time). As will be discussed below, the location of a story and, inparticular, the granularity of a story's location information, maydetermine, inter alia, how the story is presented to users onnetwork-accessible service (e.g., website) and/or included inintersection spaces.

Although in some cases the location of a story may be a “real-world”location, such as an address or set of coordinates, the disclosure isnot limited in this regard. A story may be associated with a “virtual”location in place of and/or in addition to a “real-world” location. Avirtual location may or may not exist in the real world. In some cases,a virtual location may provide a more accurate description of a storylocation than any physical location could. A virtual location mayidentify a particular chatroom, a fictional location (e.g., Narnia), alocation within a virtual world, such as the Playstation Home® networkor Second Life, or the like. For instance, a story pertaining to abattle in a Massively Multiplayer Online Game (MMOG) may be associatedwith the game location where the battle took place (e.g., the dungeon ofThor) in place of (or in addition to) the player's home address.Similarly, a story about a conversation in a chatroom or other virtualspace (e.g., Second Life, chatroom, Skype® call, etc.) may be associatedwith virtual location (e.g., in the “namespace” of the virtual space,such as a name of the chatroom, an “address” in Second Life, or thelike).

In some embodiments, users collaborate on story content in a virtualspace, such an online forum, Skype® conversation, instant messenger,etc. Story content, is presented in the virtual space, and contributorssubmit collaborative content (e.g., commentary and/or annotations),which is synchronized to the presentation and/or to story contentitself. An author may selectively incorporate the collaborative contentinto the story, which is associated with intersection metadata andconsumed by the network-accessible system disclosed herein. Theintersection metadata of the story may comprise a “real-world” timeand/or location associated with the story, as well as intersectioncriteria identifying the virtual space. For example, intersectionmetadata of a video chatroom conversation between participants in NewYork, California, and Nevada may identify the physical locations of theparticipants, may identify the “virtual space” in which thecollaboration took place (e.g., the URL of the chatroom, etc.), and/oridentify the location of events pertaining to the story content itself.

In some cases, stories occurring in the “real-world” may be assigned avirtual location identifier or alias. The location of a story describinga trans-Atlantic flight may be assigned a virtual location identifyingthe particular flight (e.g., Delta flight 2548) as opposed to thegeographical area traversed thereby. Similarly, stories relating toexperiences while at sea during a cruise may be assigned a virtuallocation identifying the cruise ship (e.g., the Celebrity Infinity)rather than and/or in addition to the geographical location of thecruise ship. In some cases, an authority may define and/or maintain anamespace of virtual addresses (e.g., in a similar way a map makerdefines the “namespace” for physical locations). For instance, anairline or cruise ship operator may maintain an address namespace toidentify particular flights and/or cruises. Similar namespaces may bedeveloped for “virtual worlds,” such as MMOG worlds, chatrooms, or thelike.

Like the timeframe aliases discussed above, location aliases may be usedto control access to private, sensitive, or not-fully publicinformation. For example, a user may define a “home” alias to refer tohis/her home address. When contributing stories pertinent to the “home”location, the contributor may identify the location using the “home”alias, as opposed to providing his/her actual address. The contributormay determine who may have access to his/her actual address information.

Users that the contributor trusts may be allowed to access the actualaddress of the home alias. Other users, who the contributor may nottrust, may only have access to the “home” alias. As will be describedbelow, access to the “actual” location of a story may determine whetherthe story appears in a particular “intersection space.” For instance, auser who has access to the contributor's actual home address (not justthe alias “home”) will be able to find the story by its actual location(by specifying a particular location of interest that includes thecontributor's home address). Other users, who do not have access to thecontributor's home address, will not be able to find the story bylocation in this way.

Participant metadata may be used to identify persons pertinent to thestory, such as those persons present and/or involved in the eventsdescribed in the story. Similarly, interested persons' metadata mayidentify the people (e.g., users) who have indicated an interest in thestory, or whom the contributor believes will be interested in the story,such as persons who were in a location pertaining to the story during atimeframe of the story as indicated by story metadata. Contributormetadata may identify the user who contributed the story and/or whoparticipated in or provided assets used in the story. Descriptive tagsmay provide a concise set of descriptor for the story.

As discussed above, in some embodiments, a story location may refer tothe location where the events described in the story took place. In somecases, the story location may be different than the contributor'slocation. For example, the contributor may contribute a story describingan event he/she did not attend (e.g., a story about watching a “LiveAid”concert the contributor watched from at home). The location of the storymay be the location of the LiveAid concert and not the contributor'shome. Alternatively, the story may be associated with multiplelocations. For example, the contributor's story may describe a LiveAidconcert party; the story may, therefore, be associated with both thelocation of the party as well as the location of the LiveAid concert. Inanother example, the location(s) associated with the story may be acombination of “real” and “virtual” locations. For example, acontributor may host a LAN party at his home to play a MMOG; thelocation of a story describing the LAN party may include the host's homeas well as various virtual location(s) within the MMOG.

In some embodiments, a user may select descriptive tags from a taglibrary of commonly used tags, each of which may have an establishingmeaning. Alternatively, or in addition, the user may define his/owndescriptive tags, which may be any word (or nonsense term) that isuseful to the user. In some embodiments, the contributor may ascribe ameaning to the user-defined tag by associating it with tags that have awell-defined meaning. For example, a user-defined tag “foo fighter” maybe associated with tags, “grunge,” “rock,” “rowdy,” and the like. Thetags associated with the user-defined tags may be used when, asdiscussed below, story content is identified and/or filtered usingdescriptive tag metadata. For example, the “foo fighter” tag may “match”with one or more of the associated tags, such that a search for contentmarked as “grunge” will find the story and, conversely, when the usersearches for items marked with “foo fighter,” stories tagged with“grunge,” “rock,” and/or “rowdy” may be identified.

A story may be associated with one or more contributors. The storycontributor(s) may identify the one or more users who contributed to thestory. The contributors may be identified individually and/or as membersof a group, and such a group may in some instances be associated with aspecific storyline. In some embodiments, when a story is displayed bythe network-accessible service (e.g., website), the display may includean indicator of the story contributor(s). The display may comprise abyline, a photo of the contributor, a link to the contributor's profile,or the like. Various examples of a story display interface comprising anindicator of the story contributor are described below in conjunctionwith FIG. 5C.

A contributor may contribute a story under an alias or pseudonym. Thecontributor may use the alias to publish a story without exposinghis/her identity. A contributor may, however, make his/her true identityknown to certain, selected circles. For example, a contributor may wishto publish a story on an embarrassing or sensitive topic with which theuser may not want to be associated. In this case, the contributor mayuse an alias to which no other user has access. In another example, acontributor may publically publish a story pertaining to a controversialpolitical issue. The contributor may want to hide his/her true identifyfrom the general public, but may allow his/her “political friends”circle to access his/her identity behind the alias. Accordingly, a usermay specify multiple aliases, each of which may be available withindifferent circles (or completely private).

As will be discussed below, users may be allowed to comment on and/orrate user-submitted content. These ratings may be aggregated to form a“user reputation” or contributor rating. Examples of systems and methodsfor establishing and/or displaying a contributor rating are provided inU.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/540,171, entitled “Systems andMethods for Calculating and Presenting a User-Contributor Rating Index,”and filed Aug. 12, 2009, which is hereby incorporated by reference inits entirety.

When a contributor applies an alias to a story, story ratings may accrueto the alias and/or the contributor himself. As such, the alias may haveits own user alias-specific contributor rating, which may be accessibleindependently. Alternatively, or in addition, ratings on storiessubmitted under a contributor's alias may flow to the contributorhimself. Accordingly, ratings for stories submitted by the contributorunder an alias may be used to determine the contributor's overallrating. However, the source of the ratings that “flow through” from analias may be hidden from those users who are not authorized to accessthe alias.

FIG. 1A depicts one example of an interface 100 for contributing a storyaccording to the teachings of the disclosure. The interface 100 (and theother interfaces disclosed herein) may be configured to be displayed ona computing device, such as a personal computer, handheld device, or thelike (e.g., laptop computer, smart phone, tablet computer, etc.); theinterfaces may be displayed in a stand-alone application, within abrowser application, or the like. In some embodiments, the interface 100(and/or other interfaces disclosed herein) may be provided by anetwork-accessible storage location in an application-renderable format,such as Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) or the like. Accordingly, theinterface 100 may be displayed within a window 102 of a browserapplication 101.

The interface 100 may include one or more inputs adapted to allow usersto enter and/or edit user-contributed content, such as a title 110,contributor indicator 111, images 112 (and/or other media types, such asvideo, audio, etc.), text 114, metadata (described below), and so on. Aswould be appreciated by one of skill in the art, the interface 100 couldbe adapted to include any type of input adapted to receive and/or editany type of content; as such, the interface 100 should not be read aslimited in this regard.

The title input 110 may be used to provide a title to the story. As willbe described below, in some embodiments, suggestions for a title may bederived from story text, story intersection metadata (location, time,descriptive tags, etc.).

The interface may include a contributor indicator input 111, which maybe used to identify the story contributor, and, as such, may bepre-populated with the “user name” (or other identifier) of the storycontributor. The contributor may modify the contents of the input 111 todisplay a “contributor alias,” which may be used to hide the identity ofthe contributor to other users (and/or selectively expose thecontributor's identity within certain circles according tocontributor-defined access controls and/or allow the story to be visibleon one or more storylines that have different names/identities).Accordingly, the input 111 may include a selection control (e.g., a dropdown box, listing, or other interface) comprising contributor-definedaliases which may set as the story byline via input 111. In someembodiments, when the contributor enters text (other than his/herusername) into the input 111, a new contributor alias may be created foruse with the story.

The image input 112 may allow a user to upload and/or edit story images.The input 112 may include scaling, cropping, and/or other image editingfeatures. Alternatively, or in addition, the input 112 (and/or the otherinputs of the interface 100) may link to other assets hosted on othernetwork-accessible storage locations. For example, images may be hostedat an image hosting website, video hosted on a video hosting website,and so on. Such assets may be “linked” and/or embedded into the storyand/or may be imported and stored with other story content by thenetwork-accessible service (e.g., website).

Although the interface 100 is depicted as including a particular set ofcontent inputs arranged as depicted in FIG. 1A (e.g., title 110, byline111, images 112, text 114, and so on), the disclosure is not limited inthis regard. The interface 100 (or other interfaces) may be adapted toinclude any number of story content inputs and/or editing interfacesincluding, but not limited: to inputs configured to receive and/or edit:video, audio, interactive content (e.g., Flash video), applications, andso on, in any layout or ordering.

The interface 100 may include inputs adapted to receive story metadata,such as a timeframe input 120 and a location input 122. The timeframeinput 120 may be capable of receiving an indication of a timeframe ofthe story, the timeframe may specify a story starting time and/or anending time (or may be open ended). The story timeframe may indicate thetimeframe during which the story occurred; indicate when the story wasrelevant or valid (e.g., I lived in Seattle from 1980 to 1992); or thelike. In some embodiments, the start and/or end time of a story may notbe determined at the time the story is contributed. As such, the input120 may be configured to accept open-ended timeframe information (e.g.,accept timeframes that lack a start time and/or an end time). Timeframeinformation may be specified at a later time via a story editinginterface, which may be similar to the interface 100.

The location input 122 may be configured to receive location informationas a particular address, region, set of coordinates, or the like (via atext input, not shown). In some embodiments, a story location may bespecified using a map interface as shown in FIG. 1A. The map may be a“virtual map” or index into a set of virtual locations, as describedabove. The location input 122 may include a set of location “bookmarks”123, which may keep a record of user-defined story locations. In someembodiments, the bookmarks 123 may correspond to location aliases, forwhich the contributor may specify access controls (discussed below).Virtual locations may be defined within a particular namespace.Accordingly, in some embodiments, the location input 122 may includeadditional map-like interfaces or inputs (not shown) configured to allowusers to specify a virtual address in an appropriate namespace.

In some embodiments, the timeframe and/or location information may beobtained from content uploaded as part of the story. For example, animage received via the input 112 may include timestamp and/or locationinformation as Exchangeable Image File Format (EXIF) data. The embeddedtimestamp and/or location information may be used to “seed” thetimeframe and/or location inputs 120 and/or 122. Alternatively or inaddition, seed timestamp and/or location information may be extractedfrom other story content, such as video content, text content or thelike. For example, natural language processing (or other suitable textprocessing techniques) may be used to extract time and/or locationinformation from story text, which is used to seed the timeframe and/orlocation inputs 120 and/or 122.

In some embodiments, the interface 100 may include a storyline input124. As will be discussed below, storylines may be used to determine howparticular stories appear or are arranged within the network-accessibleservice (e.g., whether the stories are associated with a contributor“lifeline” and/or whether the stories are included under otherstorylines). A storyline may be specified via a text input and/or alookup mechanism through which previously used and/or defined storylinesmay be selected. In some embodiments, a story may be included inmultiple storylines; in the FIG. 1A example, the story is included inthe contributor's “life” storyline (“My Life”) and a “Theater”storyline, which may be a contributor-defined storyline describing thecontributor's experiences at the theater.

In some embodiments, the interface 100 may include a descriptive taginput 126 to associate descriptive tags with the story. For example, thecontributor may tag a story about a youth soccer game with “soccer,”“sports,” and “youth,” tags, a theater story with “Theater,” “Evening,”and “Leisure,” and so on. The descriptive tags may be user-definedand/or selected from a tag library (e.g., using a search or lookupfunction of the input 126), as described above. As will be discussedbelow, the descriptive tags may be used within the network-accessibleservice (e.g., website) to provide for browsing and/or searching withinstory content. For example, stories within a particular intersectionspace may be identified (and/or filtered) according to their respectivedescriptive tags.

In some embodiments, the story title 110 may be automatically determinedfrom the story tags (and/or other story metadata). For example, thetitle 110 of a story tagged with “soccer” and “game,” and having alocation of “Smith Park,” may be titled “Smith Park Soccer Game.” Thecontributor may edit the story title 110 as he/she sees fit. Afterreceiving title text via the input 110, changes and/or additions to thedescriptive tags 126 (and/or other story content) may not change thetitle 110.

The interface 100 may include a “participants” input 128 through whichthe contributor may identify one or more people who are pertinent to thestory (e.g., persons who participated in the events described in thestory). For example, in a story describing a dinner party, theparticipants input 128 may be used to identify the people (or a subsetof the people) who attended the party. Story participants may bespecified using a text entry field of the input 128 and/or using alookup control, which may allow the contributor to search through a setof users he/she has identified in the past, may comprise a directory ofregistered users, or the like. In some cases, a story participant maynot have an account with the network-accessible service (e.g., website).In some embodiments, an unregistered user may be represented as a“semblance.” As will be discussed below, a semblance may be acontributor-defined representation of another person who may (or maynot) be a registered user of the service. In some embodiments, when apreviously unregistered user who was previously represented as acontributor-defined semblance registers a user profile, participantmetadata (and/or other metadata) previously associated with thecontributor-defined semblance may be reassigned so that it is associatedwith the registered user profile. In some embodiments, this is achievedby merging the semblance with the profile of the registered user; inanother embodiment, it is achieved by merging the semblance with adifferent semblance of the referenced individual, and in yet anotherembodiment the semblance is maintained but its subject is identifiedunambiguously by being linked with the profile of the registered user.

In some embodiments, the contributor may identify story participants inother ways. For example, a story participant may have been captured inone of the story images 112. The contributor may identify theparticipant in the photograph 112, using a region selection 113. Thecontributor may associate the selected region 113 with a user (orsemblance as discussed above), to include the person as a storyparticipant. In some embodiments, image 112 or region 113 may be used torepresent the participant in the story participant metadata 128 (e.g.,as in participant indicator 129). As will be described below, users ofthe network-accessible service (e.g., website) may establish a profile,which may include one or more graphical depictions of the user (e.g.,user avatars). In some embodiments, participants who have beenidentified (e.g., tagged) in a story image may use the image (or imageregion) as his/her profile avatar. If the participant is not associatedwith a registered user (e.g., is a semblance), the image may be storedto identify the semblance in the story and/or in other contexts (e.g.,when the semblance is identified as a participant in other stories,etc.).

In some embodiments, the interface 100 may include an “interestedpersons” input 130, which may be used to identify users who may beinterested in the story, but may not be story participants. For example,the contributor may contribute a story regarding a news event, a link,or other item of general interest. Accordingly, neither the contributor,nor anyone the contributor knows, may be properly identified asparticipants in the story. Instead, the contributor may identify personsthat may be interested in the event (and/or the contributor's storyabout the event). Potentially interested people may be identified asdescribed above (e.g., using a text input, a lookup or directory, and soon). Similarly, the contributor may contribute a story about an event inwhich other persons, who did not attend the event, may be interested.For example the contributor may contribute a story about his child'srecital (including audio and/or video of the event); the child'sgrandparents may be identified as potentially interested persons, sincethey may be interested in the story, but did not attend the event (e.g.,are not proper story “participants”). In another example, a contributormay write a story (including a story that refers to an address on theWeb that contains third-party content) that reflects interests ratherthan activities, and identify other individuals who may hold a similarinterest. In one embodiment, a user may designate potentially interestedpersons for a story they did not contribute, by tagging the individualmuch as they would tag an individual they identified as being aparticipant in a story that the user did not contribute.

The interface 100 may be configured to prompt the contributor toindicate whether he/she is a story participant and/or interested person.Based upon the response, the contributor (or alias thereof) may be addedas a participant and/or interested person.

The interface may include a story type input 132, which may allow thecontributor to select from various different “story types.” Selection ofa story type may determine the default layout and/or input options inthe interface 100. For example, a “status” story may be automaticallytagged with a “status” descriptive tag (in the input 126), and mayinclude a shorter text entry area 114. The selection of a “biography”story type, for example, may cause the interface 100 to display a morecomplete set of input options, such as multiple photograph uploadlocations, multiple text inputs 114 (e.g., for title, summary, etc.),“sparker question” prompt(s) 140 (discussed below), and so on. In someembodiments, different story types may be associated with differentinterfaces or templates. For example, the “biography” story type mayinclude an interface adapted to facilitate authoring biographicalstories. The biography story interface may include a “wizard” typeinterface configured to guide the contributor through the authoringprocess (e.g., including appropriately selected sparker question prompts140).

A rating story type may include rating inputs (e.g., sliders, drop downboxes, etc.), which may be used to rate the subject of the story (orcontent items thereof). For example, a story that reviews a restaurantcould contain a review of the restaurant or of elements described in thestory, such as the food or service of the restaurant. This type of storymight include a control that allows a rating to be assigned andoptionally displayed; for example, the rating might be expressed as aseries of stars. The rating may pertain to the object of the story(e.g., the restaurant) as opposed to the story itself. Story types mayfurther be divided into those that have the storyteller primarily as aparticipant in an activity and those that have the storyteller primarilyas a party interested in a topic. The status of a story as a participantstory or interested story could be expressed in various ways, includingbut not limited to: an explicit label, a logo or other graphicaltreatment, or the inclusion of the storyteller in a list of one or moreindividuals who are participants or interested with respect to thestory.

Other story types, such as the “news” story type, may have certainsecurity and/or access control implications. As will be discussed below,users who have been “tagged” as participants in a story may request tobe removed therefrom. For example, a user may not want others to knowthat he/she was at a particular event, or the user may have beenmisidentified (maliciously or by mistake). If the story is a “non-news”story, and in some embodiments and/or circumstances even if it is a newsstory, the request for removal may be granted automatically. However, insome embodiments if the story is identified as “news,” it is treated byrules that tend to preserve the rights of the storyteller because thesubject of the story is presumed to be a public figure or the events andcircumstances described in the story are assumed as public ornewsworthy. When a story is tagged as news, participants (especiallyparticipants who are not minors) may not be given the absolute right tobe removed. Instead, assuming the “news” tag is not withdrawn orremoved, a participant might only be able to have himself or herselfremoved if it is determined that the participant was misidentifiedand/or there are other extenuating circumstances. Users who are taggedas participants in a story may be given the right to submit comments onthe story (may have the “right to comment”). In some embodiments,participant comments may only be removed if the correspondingparticipant is “untagged” or “de-identified” as a story participant.User ratings of a story that a contributor designates as “news” may beevaluated in part as to whether the “news” designation is warranted, orinstead whether the designation is perceived as a ploy to tagindividuals who are not rightly the subject of news coverage and whochoose to be untagged if the story were not labeled as news. It isanticipated that a contributor who is perceived as abusing the right tolabel a story as “news” will see their reputation decline, and with ittheir power to effectively abuse others. In some embodiments, thedisapproval of members of the public regarding the nature of thecontributor's tagging practices will be expressed with the story.

An importance input 134 may allow the user to provide an indication ofthe relative importance of the story from the user's perspective. Aswill be discussed below, some stories may be identified as life-changing“marker events.” These types of stories may be prominently displayed inthe life of the contributor. Other events may be displayed lessprominently. Accordingly, the input 134 may allow a user to specify howimportant the story is in his/her opinion; the input may comprise acontinuum (e.g., from 1 to 10) or a set of tags (e.g.,“inconsequential,” “routine,” “minor,” “significant,” “critical,” “lifechanging (marker),” and so on). Alternatively or in addition, an inputmay allow the user to provide an indication of the duration of theimportance or relevance of the event. This can be thought of as the“zoom level” or “highlight level” of a story. A particular story about abowling party might only be a highlight of a day or week, but a storyabout a wedding reception might be a highlight of a year, decade, orlifetime; the story about the bowling party might not appear in astoryline that was zoomed out to show a year or longer, but the story ofa wedding reception might appear even on a storyline that coversdecades.

The contributor may apply access privileges to the story using the input136. In some embodiments, access to story content and/or access toprivate story information, such as location and/or timeframeinformation, may be predicated upon “circle” membership. Selection of a“public” publication may make the story available to all users of thenetwork-accessible service (e.g., website). Alternatively, thecontributor may specify that the story is only to be available to acertain “circle” of users, or that one or more elements of a story—suchas its exact location, the presentation of certain photographs, or theability to see the tags and/or captions of photographs—may be limited topeople belonging to one or more circles of users. A circle may comprisea group of one or more users that the contributor “trusts” to somedegree, or the people associated with a storyline. Circles may also beused to group users by the type of content they should receive (e.g.,“friends” as opposed to “family”). For example, a “family” circle maycomprise the contributor's family members, a “work” circle may comprisethe contributor's co-workers, a “friends” circle may comprise thecontributor's friends, and so on. The contributor may define the circlesand determine circle membership, when using his or her own circles. Insome embodiments, the user may be granted permission to use the circleof a different person or organization. The contributor may define anynumber of different circles corresponding to any number of differentsets of relationship or intended audiences. The contributor mayadd/remove circle users at any time, or change the number and identityof the circles that have permission to consume a story. A user may beincluded in more than one circle (e.g., a co-worker may also be afriend). In one embodiment, circles may be public (which means thatanybody looking at a user's profile can see the name of the publiccircle or circles and the person or people in those circles), private(which means that only the contributor who owns the circle can see whois in it), or restricted (which means that only the owner/contributorand certain other people, such as the other people in the circle, cansee who is in the circle). Using the input 136, the contributor mayselect which circles should have access to the story. In one embodiment,the contributor may select not only from among his or her own circles,but also from among the public or restricted circles of others (to theextent the contributor is a member of the restricted circles of others).

The interface 100 may include a set of control inputs 138, including a“publish” input which, when selected, may cause the story content andassociated metadata to be made available to other users via a network inaccordance with the access controls specified via the input 136. Theinterface may also include a “save draft” input which may save the storyto be edited and/or published later, and/or a “cancel” input to cancelthe story (discard the story content and/or story metadata).

As discussed above, in some embodiments, the interface 100 (or otherinterface(s)) may include prompts configured to inspire the contributor.The prompts (referred to as “sparker questions”) may be configured to“spark” the contributor's memory to inspire user-submitted content.Therefore, rather than simply placing the would-be-author before a blankpage (or interface 100) waiting for a memory to present itself, thecontributor may come into the interface 100 with an idea of what tocontribute. The interface 100 includes an exemplary sparker questionprompt 140 which, as discussed below, may be selected according tocontributor profile and/or other user-contributed content (e.g.,intersection metadata, other user-contributed stories, etc.) and/orinformation about the user obtained from other sources (such as fromFACEBOOK® or other social networking service). In some embodiments asparker question is presented as part of the contribution interface 100;in some embodiments a sparker question is presented elsewhere (outsidethe interface 100) and leads the user to a contribution interface, andin some embodiments a sparker question is placed both elsewhere and inthe interface 100 (e.g., placed in a image input 112 to suggest a photo,or the like).

Some sparker question prompts may generally apply to all types of users(e.g., “did you ever get caught in the rain?” “when was your firstkiss?” and so on). Other sparker questions may be selected according tothe contributor's profile information. As will be discussed below, usersmay be associated with a profile, which may indicate the user's age,marital status, familial status, education level, employment status,interests, hobbies, and so on. The profile information may includeinformation imported from other social media. The profile informationmay indicate which type of “life milestones” or “life experiences” theuser is likely to experience at his/her particular stage in life.Accordingly, the profile may be used to determine the “stage of life” ofthe contributor. For example, the profile of a user may indicate thatshe is a 23-year-old divorced female with two kids. This user may belikely to have experiences related to raising children as a singlemother (e.g., school experiences, play dates for the children, daycareexperiences, and so on), which may be significantly different than theexperiences of other users (e.g., a 70-year-old retiree). Accordingly,the “sparker questions” for the 23-year-old female user may besignificantly different than the questions posed to the 70-year-oldretiree. For that matter, the sparker questions for a 23-year-olddivorced female with two children may differ from the questions for a23-year-old married female with two children, a 23-year-old marriedfemale without children, or a 47-year-old divorced female with twochildren, and so on.

Changes to user profile information may prompt sparker questions. Forexample, a change to the user's familial status (e.g., a new child onthe way), may prompt sparker questions regarding plans for the newchild, experiences during pregnancy, and so on. As will be discussedbelow, in some embodiments, a user's profile information may be tied toa relevant timeframe. For example, a user's favorite song may bedifferent in 2005 than it was in 2003. The user profile may include allof the user's “favorite song preferences,” each associated with thetimeframe during which the particular preference was valid (e.g., from1999-2001 the user's favorite song was “A,” from 2002-2005 the user'sfavorite song was “B,” and so on). Sparker questions may be derived fromthe “history” of changes in the user's profile (e.g., why did yourfavorite song change from “A” to “B” in 2002?).

Other sparker questions may be prompted by content submitted by theuser. For example, the user may contribute a story describing a funeral,which may prompt sparker questions related to the user's experienceswith the deceased (e.g., “what do you wish you had learned from yourgrandfather before he died?”). The content used to identify sparkerquestions may be selected from the descriptive tags applied to the story(and/or provided via descriptive tag input 126). In some embodiments, asdescriptive tags are applied via the input 126, relevant sparkerquestions may be presented “in-line” as the user authors portions of thestory in the interface 100. Other story metadata, such as timeframeand/or location may be used to identify relevant sparker questions. Forexample, a story taking place far from the contributor's home may promptsparker questions configured to elicit writing about the contributor'sexperiences traveling to the location, and so on. In another example, arecord of interaction with one or more people, whether on Intersect orother social media, may prompt questions about those people.

In some embodiments, the sparker question prompt 140 includes a ratinginput 142, through which the user provides feedback regarding sparkerquestions. The rating feedback may be used to select relevant sparkerquestions for the user and/or select relevant sparker questions forother users in a similar stage of life.

FIG. 2 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method for identifyingsparker questions for a contributor. At step 210, the method 200 may beinitialized, which may comprise allocating resources for the method 200,such as processing resources, memory, communications interfaces, and thelike. Step 210 may further comprise loading one or more instructionsfrom a computer-readable storage medium. The instructions may beconfigured to cause the computing device to perform the steps of method200 and, as such, may be tied to particular components of the computingdevice.

At step 220, information about the contributor may be accessed. Theinformation may comprise user profile information, content submitted bythe contributor, content harvested from one or more third-party sources(e.g., FACEBOOK®, TWITTER®, etc.), and the like. As discussed above, theuser profile may comprise information describing the contributor.Entries in the user profile may be associated with a relevant timeframe,which may reflect the changes to the user profile over time. Contributedcontent may include stories and associated metadata submitted by thecontributor.

At step 230, the information described above may be analyzed to identifya “stage of life” of the contributor. A stage of life may be assignedbased on the age of the individual. A number of different stage lifestates may be identified, potentially including, but not limited to:“Caterpillar” Early Child (age 0-5); “Socializer” Child (age 5-12);“Shapeshifter” Early Adolescent (age 13-14); “Tester” Adolescent (age15-18); “Parachuter” Incoming Early Adult (age 18-23); “Explorer” EarlyAdult (age 23-28); “Homesteader;” “Navigator” Independent Adult, Part 1(age 33-36); “Strider” Independent Adult, Part 2 (age 36-40); “Seeker”Incoming Midlife Adult (age 40-45); “Mediator” Midlife Adult, Part I(age 45-50); “Mentor” Midlife Adult, Part II (age 50-60); “Discoverer”Mature Adult (age 60-70); “Generator” Senior Adult (age 70-80); and“Celebrator” Elderly Adult (age 80+).

The stage of life may provide some indication of the types of sparkerquestions that are likely to be relevant and/or helpful to the user. Inaddition, information regarding the user's “place in life” (e.g.,collection of life experiences, which may include stage of life) may beused in the selection of the sparker questions. For example, in somecases, two people may be of a similar age, but be in very different“places in life” due to having different life-changing “marker events.”For example, a 23-year old divorced single mother is in a very different“place in life” than a single 23-year old post-graduate student; the“place in life” information of the user may be evaluated to selectappropriate sparker questions for each user.

As will be discussed below, the life experiences indicative of a user's“place in life” may be identified to the network-accessible service bymarking certain events as life-changing, “marker events” or “milestones”(and/or by examining other user-submitted content and/or metadata). Forinstance, in the interface 100 disclosed above, a contributor mayindicate his/her opinion of the importance of a story (e.g., “lifechanging”), which may be used to identify a marker event. Alternatively,or in addition, marker events may be determined from the user profileinformation as discussed above (e.g., marital status, education level,etc).

As will be discussed below, identifying a user's “stage” and/or “placein life” may be used to identify user affinities (e.g., users in thesame “stage” and/or “place” may have a lot in common and, as such, maybe introduced to one another through the service).

In some embodiments, user “disposition” information (discussed below)may be used to select sparker questions. Some of the dispositionindicators may apply for a limited period of time. For example, a“bereaved” disposition may be identified for a contributor who hasrecently indicated (through a profile update or contributed content)that a close relative has died, and may be removed after a certain time(e.g., six months). The stage of life, place in life, and/or dispositioninformation discussed above may be identified for the contributor andused (at steps 240 and 250) to select appropriate sparker questions forthe contributor.

At step 240, a datastore comprising a set of sparker questions may beaccessed. The sparker questions may each be associated with a particularset of one or more “stage of life” indicators, which may specify which“stage of life” is likely to benefit from the question. Accordingly, asparker question regarding experiences raising children may beassociated with “mother” and/or “father” indicators, a “dating” questionmay be associated with “single” and/or “divorced” indicators, and so on.

At step 250, a plurality of candidate sparker questions may beidentified by matching the stage of life, place in life, and/ordisposition information of the contributor determined at step 230 to thestage of life indicators of the sparker questions accessed at step 240.The matching may comprise ranking the sparker questions according to adegree of correlation between the contributor's stage of life and thesparker question indicators. In some embodiments, the matching of step250 may be configured to prevent the same sparker questions from beingconstantly repeated. For example, when a particular sparker question ispresented, the contributor may indicate whether the sparker question washelpful and/or whether the contributor would like to see similarquestions. In some embodiments, the matching of step 250 may furthercomprise a feedback component (discussed below), in which thecontributor provides feedback regarding which sparker questions werehelpful, and which were not. The feedback information may be used tomatch other sparker questions and/or to exclude certain unhelpfulsparker questions in the future. The feedback may be used to remove a“stage of life,” “place in life,” or other classification(s) from thecontributor (a never-remarried divorced contributor may not beinterested in ever writing about “dating” experiences). Sparkerquestions similar to those identified as “helpful” may be used infurther iterations of the method 200.

At step 260, one or more of the identified sparker questions may bepresented to the contributor in an interface, such as the contributioninterface 100. In other embodiments, a sparker question (or a group ofsparker questions) may be formed into a “story template” or storyoutline which the user may be prompted to complete. The outline may bepresented in an interface (such as the interface 100), in which certainfields are pre-populated and/or the sparker questions are pre-populatedin the text entry field 114.

At step 270, the user may provide feedback regarding a sparkerquestion(s) presented at step 260. The feedback may indicate whether thesparker question was attractive and/or effective at promoting thecontributor to author content. The feedback may further indicate whetherthe contributor would like to see the question (or similar questions) inthe future. The feedback may be stored in a datastore in associationwith the sparker questions and/or the contributor's profile. Asdiscussed above, the feedback may be used when a next set of sparkerquestions are selected from the contributor.

Referring back to FIG. 1A, the text entry field 114 may include asparker question prompt 140. The sparker question prompt 140 may includethe text of a sparker question (“describe your first kiss”) as well as afeedback input 132. The contributor may author a response to the sparkerquestion “in-line” with the prompt 140. In some embodiments, the prompt140 may act as an interface element (e.g., “text box”) to encapsulatethe text related to the prompt to allow the contributor to keep track ofwhich text was added in response to which sparker question(s). Inaddition, the text included in the prompt 140 interface element may beused, along with the feedback input 132, to evaluate the efficacy of theprompt 140. In other embodiments, the prompt 130 may be removed if/whenthe user enters text in the text field 114 or selects other componentson the interface 100.

Although the sparker question prompt 140 is shown on the contributioninterface 100, the disclosure is not limited in this regard. Sparkerquestion prompts could be displayed on any number and/or types ofdifferent interfaces. For example, a sparker question prompt may bedisplayed while the user views a story submitted by another contributor,or while the user views content from, or the identity of, a user of asocial media site such as FACEBOOK®. In this case, the sparker questionprompt may ask whether the user has had an experience similar to theviewed story (in the same timeframe and/or location). The sparkerquestion prompt may link the user to an interface (e.g., interface 100),which may be pre-populated with a relevant set of content (e.g.,timeframe, location, descriptive tags, prompt 140, and so on).

As will be described below, in some embodiments, an interface maydisplay a plurality of stories. The stories may be displayed in variousdifferent formats including a “link badge” format. Examples of a linkbadge display format are described below in conjunction with FIGS. 5Aand 5B. A link badge format may include a photograph thumbnail (ifavailable) taken from the story, a story title, a byline, a text excerptfrom the story, an abbreviated list of story participants, storyintersection identifiers, and so on. In some embodiments, the contentincluded in a story link badge may be automatically selected from thestory. For example, the first image in the story (or a first frame of astory video) may be selected for the thumbnail, the first portion of thestory title may be selected for the link badge title, the firstparagraph may be used as the excerpt, and so on. Alternatively, or inaddition, the contributor may explicitly author the link badge and/orportions of the link badge. FIG. 1B depicts one example of an interface103 for authoring a link badge. The interface 103 may be displayed inconnection with the contribution interface 100 described above. Forexample, the link badge authoring interface 104 may be displayed alongthe sidebar of the interface 100 (with other inputs of the interface100). Alternatively, the interface window 104 may be displayed “on top”of the interface 100 (e.g., as a selectively displayed overlay window104).

In some embodiments, the interface 103 may include a title input 150,which may be used to specify a title for the link badge. The title input150 may be pre-populated with the contents of the title input 110 of theunderlying story (or a portion of the contents of the title input 110 ofFIG. 1A). The title input 150 may change as the contributor edits thetitle of the story (via input 110). The contributor may edit link badgetitle input 150 to change the way the title is displayed in the linkbadge (e.g., to be more concise in accordance with the smaller displayformat of the link badge). In some embodiments, once the contributorexplicitly edits the title input 150, it may no longer be “tied” to theunderlying story (e.g., may no longer update responsive to changes tothe story title).

The interface 103 may include a link badge image input 152, which may beused to select an image (if any) or image region 153 to display inconnection with the story link badge. The image may be selected from theunderlying story or from some other source. In some embodiments, theinput 152 may be pre-populated with the first or primary image of thestory (if any). As the primary story image changes (e.g., as storyimages are added/removed in the interface 100), the image input 152 maybe updated accordingly. In some embodiments, however, once thecontributor explicitly selects the link badge image via the input 152,changes to the story may no longer be reflected in the input 152. Thelink badge image input 152 may include a scaling control 155, which maybe used to scale and/or crop the image (or image region) in the linkbadge.

In some embodiments, the interface 103 may include a byline input 151,which may be provided to allow the contributor to modify the contributorindicator of the story (as displayed in the link badge). The bylineinput 151 may be used to specify a “contributor alias” to hide thecontributor's true identify from other users in the link badge asdiscussed above and/or to remove the byline from the story link badge.In other embodiments, the story byline may not be modifiable. The bylineinput 151 may be pre-populated and/or be updated according to thecontributor indicator information provided via the contributioninterface 100 (via input 111). Once the contributor explicitly selects abyline via the input 151, however, the input 151 may no longer update inresponse to changes in the underlying story.

The interface 103 may include a text summary input 154 to specify the“primary text” (if any) to be displayed in the link badge. The textinput 152 may be pre-populated with a portion of the story text (e.g.,the first paragraph of the text input 114). The text input 154 may betied to the underlying story text until the contributor explicitly editsthe text in the input 154.

In some embodiments, the interface 103 may include an intersectiondisplay input 156, which may be used to specify how various“intersection criteria” of the story are displayed in the link badge. Aswill be discussed below, intersection criteria may comprise storymetadata, such as story location, timeframe, contributor, descriptivetags, and the like. For example, a particular intersection identifiermay read, “intersection of Smith Park” and “5:50 PM to 7:20 PM, Jan. 4,2009,” or “soccer at Smith Park . . . ,” and so on. The intersectionidentifier input 156 may be tied to the underlying story metadata untilthe contributor explicitly edits the identifier (or elects to remove theidentifier from the link badge). In some embodiments, the intersectionidentifier may not be modifiable. When displayed (in link badge formatand/or in a story display, such as the display 504 of FIG. 5C), thestory indicator may link to an interface configured to display otherstories that intersect with the story (e.g., stories in the“intersection space” of the story).

In some embodiments, the interface 103 may include additional inputs, tomodify other story elements and/or metadata for display in link badgeformat including, but not limited to: story participants, interestedpeople, descriptive tags, storyline, story type, importance, and so on.

In some embodiments, the network-accessible service (e.g., website) mayprovide search and/or browse features (discussed below), to allow usersto find story content using the metadata associated therewith, such asthe story timeframe and/or location. These features may allow users toidentify “intersections” between stories and particular timeframes andlocations, including the current time and location, (or other criteria).As used herein, a time and location intersection (referred to generallyas an “intersection”) refers to a similarity or “overlap” between thetimeframe and location of a story a timeframe and/or location ofinterest (referred to generally as “intersection criteria”). Forexample, intersection criteria may define a timeframe and/or location ofinterest to a particular user, such as the then-current time and place(the “here and now”) or the time and place a youth sporting event tookplace. The intersection criteria may be provided by a user via a searchor browsing interface, such as the interfaces described below inconjunction with FIGS. 5A and 5B. Alternatively, the intersectioncriteria may be derived from another story (e.g., the intersectioncriteria may be derived from the intersection metadata of the story). Inother examples, intersection criteria may be derived from a currentlocation of the user and/or the current time (as indicated by acomputing device of the user, such as a mobile phone, portable computer,tablet, or the like).

In response to the intersection criteria, components of thenetwork-accessible service (e.g., website) may be configured to identifyone or more “intersecting” stories, which are stories having metadatathat “intersects” with the intersection criteria. For example, theintersecting stories may include stories that have time and locationmetadata that “overlaps” with the time and location of the intersectioncriteria. The stories may be presented to the user in an interface andmay be ordered based on a relevance metric (discussed below). Forexample, when a long timeframe is used and the content is ordered basedon relevance or ratings, the resulting intersection space may include“best of” stories for the specified location, such as the mosthighly-regarded reviews of a restaurant over a long time period.

FIG. 3 depicts one example of a timeframe and location intersection.Metadata associated with the stories 310, 320, and 330 are depicted onan exemplary chronology 302 and location map 304. A first story 310 isassociated with a first timeframe 312 and a first location 314, a secondstory 320 is associated with a second timeframe 322 and a secondlocation 324, and a third story 330 is associated with a third timeframe332 and third location 334. The timeframe 320 is open ended (has notbeen assigned an end point). The location metadata of the stories may bedefined at different granularities; for instance, the location 324 ofthe story 320 may be defined relatively specifically (e.g., as aparticular address), whereas the locations 314 and 334 may includebroader regions (e.g., a block, subdivision, city, etc.).

The intersection criteria may be expressed as a timeframe 342 andlocation 344. Like the locations 314, 324, and/or 334, the locationintersection criteria 344 may be specified with varying specificity; thecriteria 344 may be expressed as a location “point” (e.g., an address orlocation coordinate) or as a larger region. Stories having metadata thatoverlaps the intersection criteria 342 and 344 may be identified as“intersecting” stories.

In the FIG. 3 example, the story 320 may be identified as an“intersecting” story. The timeframes 322 and 332 intersect with thetimeframe intersection criteria 342, and the locations 314 and 324intersect with the location intersection criteria 344; only story 320intersects with respect to both time 342 and location 344.

In some embodiments, the intersection criteria 342 and 344 may bedynamically modified by the user. For instance, a user may expand orshift the timeframe 342 of the intersection criteria to overlap thetimeframe 312, which may cause the story 310 to intersect with themodified intersection criteria 342 and 344. Similarly, the user mayexpand or shift the location portion 344 of the intersection criteria tooverlap the location 334, which may cause the story 330 to intersectwith the modified intersection criteria 342 and 344.

In some embodiments, the timeframe and/or location (or other metadata)of a particular story (e.g., story 310) may be used to identify otherintersecting stories. In the FIG. 3 example, the stories 310 and 320 mayintersect with one another with respect to time and location, sincetheir timeframe 312, 322 and location 314, 324 metadata overlap.Intersections between stories may be identified by deriving intersectioncriteria from a first story (e.g., story 310), and using the derivedintersection criteria to identify other, intersecting stories (e.g.,story 320). As will be discussed below, story-to-story intersections maybe used to identify shared interests between users and/or to aggregatestories related to similar events.

Although FIG. 3 describes intersection criteria based on a timeframe andlocation (“TL intersection criteria”), the disclosure is not limited inthis regard. For example, TL intersection criteria may be combined withother metadata criteria to “filter” the intersecting stories. Thecriteria may be based on any type of story metadata including, but notlimited to: story participant(s), story contributor(s), descriptivetags, interested person(s), story type, importance, relevance tointersection criteria, story ratings (a metric quantifying a “quality”of the story or contributor), and so on. For instance, TL intersectioncriteria may be combined with descriptive tag criteria to identify asubset of the intersecting stories that relate to a particular event(e.g., are tagged with a particular descriptive tag). For example, TLintersection criteria may be combined with a “soccer” tag to identifystories related to soccer games that took place at a particular time andlocation.

Other types of intersection criteria may be predicated upon other typesof metadata. For example, timeframe and contributor intersectioncriteria (“TC intersection criteria”) may be used to identify thestories contributed and/or “borrowed” by a particular user during aparticular timeframe (story borrowing discussed below). In anotherexample, timeframe and participant intersection criteria (“TPintersection criteria”) may be used to identify stories in which aparticular user was a participant during a particular timeframe. Ascould be appreciated by one of skill in the art, the teachings of thedisclosure could be adapted to use virtually any combination of metadatato identify and/or filter intersecting stories.

FIG. 4 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method 400 foridentifying stories using intersection criteria. At step 410, the method400 may be initialized as described above.

At step 420, one or more stories and associated metadata may bereceived. Each of the stories received at step 420 may comprise one ormore content items and associated metadata, such as a timeframe,location, participants, contributor(s), descriptive tags, and so on. Thestories may have been contributed and/or authored using an interfaceprovided by a network-accessible service (e.g., website), such as theinterface 100 of FIG. 1A.

At step 430, the one or more stories (and associated metadata) may bestored on a datastore (e.g., database, directory, or the like) and madeavailable for access by users via a network, such as the Internet. Inone example, one or more of the stories may pertain to a youth sportingevent. The stories may include photographs of the participants, whichmay be of interest to other event attendees.

At step 440, intersection criteria may be received. The intersectioncriteria may comprise a timeframe and location (e.g., may be TLintersection criteria). The intersection criteria may be received from auser via a user interface (e.g., via the interfaces 500 and/or 503described below in conjunction with FIGS. 5A and 5B). The timeframe ofthe intersection criteria may comprise a chronological range having astarting point (start time) and/or an ending point (ending time). Thelocation of the intersection criteria may identify a location or regionof interest. The location may identify a “real-world” location (e.g., anaddress, set of coordinates, etc.) or “virtual” (a location in a virtualspace, a mobile location, an alias, or the like). The location may bespecified at varying levels of detail or specificity (e.g., as aparticular address, a block, a neighborhood, a region, and so on).

Continuing the example above, the intersection criteria received at step440 may be provided by a user interested in the youth sporting event.Accordingly, the intersection criteria may identify the timeframe andlocation of the event (e.g., Apr. 12, 2008, from 2:30 PM to 4:40 PM atSmith Park).

At step 450, the method 400 may query the datastore to identify storiesthat intersect with the timeframe and location of the intersectioncriteria. Continuing the youth sporting event example, the intersectingstories identified at step 450 may comprise the stories available to themethod 400 (e.g., stored in the datastore) that occurred within thespecified location (e.g., Smith Park) during the specified timeframe(Apr. 12, 2008 2:30 PM to 4:40 PM).

Step 450 may further comprise filtering the intersecting stories. Asdiscussed above, intersection criteria may include additionalconstraints, which may be used to “filter” intersecting stories. Forexample, to find intersecting stories related to the youth sportingevent, the stories may be filtered using a “soccer” descriptive tag, a“participant” filter may be used to identify the stories in which aparticular user appears, and so on.

At step 460, the stories identified at step 450 may be presented to theuser in an interface. The results may comprise a list of stories thatintersect with the provided intersection criteria and/or satisfy one ormore additional filter constraints. In some embodiments, the results maybe ordered relative to one another in the interface, such that thestories that are most likely to be of interest to the user are moreprominently displayed (e.g., displayed near the head of the list orstories). Examples of systems and methods for ordering intersectingstories are discussed below.

Although FIG. 4 describes identifying intersections with respect totimeframe and location, the disclosure is not limited in this regard;the teachings of the disclosure could be used to identify intersectionsof any type. For instance, timeframe-contributor intersection criteriamay be used to identify stories contributed and/or borrowed by aparticular user during a particular timeframe, timeframe-participantintersection criteria may be used to identify stories in which aparticular user appears, and so on.

The intersection criteria described above may be used to define an“intersection space.” As used herein, an “intersection space” may referto a “virtual companion space” that may aggregate content thatintersects with a particular set of intersection criteria. Accordingly,an intersection space may refer to a particular junction of timeframeand location, such as Apr. 12, 2008, from 2:30 PM to 4:40 PM and “SmithPark.” An intersection space may act as a “home page” to documentactivities occurring at the park during the specified timeframe. Ofcourse, an intersection space may be defined more broadly. For example,an intersection space may be defined along a very long timeframe (e.g.,unlimited timeframe) to chronicle the history of a particular location(e.g., chronicle the history of a particular building or institution).Alternatively, an intersection space may be limited to the “here andnow,” to provide a real-time display of stories told, potentially fromvarious vantages, pertaining to the time and location of the user.Different levels of metadata specificity may determine which stories areincluded in an intersection space and how the stories are displayedand/or ordered therein.

In one illustrative example, a contributor may create a story regardinga trip to the summit of Mt. Rainier on Jul. 10, 2003, at 10:15 AM. Thetimeframe of the story may include the short time the contributoractually spent on the summit (e.g., 30 minutes), may comprise the entireday of the hike, or some other timeframe (e.g., the weekend of the trip,the month of July 2003, the season, and so on). Similarly, the locationof the story may be provided at varying levels of specificity; thelocation may be the summit area itself, the area traversed during thesummit approach, the mountain range, the entire state of Washington, andso on.

The timeframe and/or location metadata assigned to the story maydetermine what other stories will intersect with the story'sintersection space. For example, if the contributor assigns the“30-minute” timeframe to his story, the story may not intersect with thestory of another hiker who summited Rainier at 1:20 PM on the same day(and specified a similarly specific timeframe for his story). If thecontributor were to specify a broader timeframe, however, such as theentire month of July 2003, the intersection space of the contributor'sstory may include other stories occurring during the month of July 2003,including the story of the 1:20 PM summit.

The location metadata may similarly define the scope of the intersectionspace. For instance, if the contributor were to specify the location ofhis story as a small area in the vicinity of the summit, the story maynot intersect with the story of another hiker who stopped short of thesummit (and specified a similarly narrow location). If the contributorused a broader location, such as the entire mountain range, theresulting intersection space would include other hikes to the summit, aswell as other experiences that may be unrelated to a summit attempt.

As discussed above, in some embodiments, the location of a story may be“virtual,” such as a location within a MMOG, a cruise ship, a businessname, or the like. For example, an intersection space of a restaurantmay chronicle the events occurring at the restaurant despite the factthat the restaurant may have changed locations several times during itshistory. Since the intersection space is defined with respect to therestaurant as opposed to a particular location or address, theintersection space may “follow” the restaurant as it moves from place toplace. Similarly, an intersection space specified with respect to aparticular cruise ship may “follow” the cruise ship's movements (may bereferenced by name as opposed to a particular, “real-world” location).

An intersection space may be specified with respect to other types ofintersection criteria, such as story contributors, story participants,and the like. For example, an intersection space may chronicle thestories involving a particular set of participants during a particulartimeframe (e.g., the stories involving a youth soccer team). As will bediscussed below, these types of intersections may be formed into a“storyline,” which may chronicle a particular set of related stories.The intersection space of a particular contributor may comprise all thestories contributed (or borrowed) by the contributor over his/herlifetime. Accordingly, a contributor intersection space may representthe lifetime “storyline” of a particular user.

Like the story content and metadata discussed above, an intersectionspace may be submitted to a network-accessible service (e.g., website)and stored on a datastore thereof (e.g., database, directory, or thelike), which may provide an interface (e.g., a webpage) to displayintersection spaces. For example, the network-accessible service (e.g.,website) may provide an interface dedicated to the intersection space ofthe summit of Mt. Rainier and the month of July 2003. The intersectionspace interface may act as a repository of the stories related to aparticular time and place. Alternatively, or in addition, an interfacethrough which users may dynamically determine an intersection space maybe provided (e.g., interface 500 of FIG. 5A discussed below).

FIG. 5A depicts one embodiment of an intersection space interface. Theinterface 500 may be provided by a network-accessible service, such as awebsite, for display on a user computing device. In some embodiments,the interface 500 may be provided in a browser-renderable format, suchas Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) or the like. Accordingly, theinterface 500 may be displayed within a window 502 of a browserapplication 501. Alternatively, or in addition, the interface 500 may beadapted for display in a stand-alone application, as a plug-in toanother application, or the like.

The interface 500 may include a timeframe control 510, upon which atimeframe indicator 512 may be manipulated to dynamically select atimeframe of interest (to select the prevailing timeframe 512). Thetimescale (or time span) covered by the timeframe control 510 may beshown by timeframe indicators 513, which, in some embodiments, maycomprise labels identifying the year, month, day, hour, or the like,currently displayed in the timeframe control 510. In alternateembodiment, the labels could indicate the age of an individual,institution, event, or other storyline (discussed below). The timeframecontrol 510 may include a time scale input 514, which may be used toselectively increase or decrease the time scale of the timeframe control510. For example, a user may use the input 514 to “zoom in,” until thecontrol 510 spans only few seconds, or “zoom out” until the control 514spans a series of decades. As illustrated in FIG. 5A, the timeframe 512may specify a start time and an end time. In other embodiments, however,the timeframe 512 may be manipulated such that there is no pre-definedstart or end time. At the start and/or end points, the control 510 maycomprise timeframe browsing inputs 516 a and 516 b, which may allow auser to shift the timeframe control 510 forward or backwards in timerespectively.

In some embodiments, the timeframe control 510 may include a “storyindicator” region 517, which may comprise one or more indicators 518 ofstories that intersect with the timeframe selection 512 (and otherintersection criteria, such as location 520 and the like). As will bediscussed below, the region and/or indicators 518 may be configured todisplay stories according to relative importance, density, “heat”(relative rating), and so on.

Although a timeframe control is depicted in FIG. 5A (and FIG. 5B), theinterface 500 is not limited in this regard; other timeframe inputscould be used under the teachings of this disclosure, such as text inputfields, clock controls, calendar controls, or the like. The timeframecontrol 510 (or other timeframe control element) may reference anabsolute time, a virtual time, or a relative time (including an age orduration). For example, the start time of the control may be specifiedusing an alias (e.g., the day the contributor was born), and thetimeframe control 510 may display times as an offset from the relativetime. In this way, a contributor may hide his/her real age, whileallowing users to browse his stories chronologically.

A location control 520 may be used to specify a location of interest522. The location may be specified with respect to a single point (oraddress) 522 or as an area or region 523. The control 520 may include alocation scale control 524, which may be used to change the scale of themap 520 (to “zoom in” to a particular neighborhood or “zoom out” to astate, country, or continent). Although a map 520 is depicted in theinterface 500, the interface 500 is not limited in this regard; otherinputs could be used under the teachings of this disclosure. Forexample, a text input could be used to enter address or coordinateinformation. The locations may be in the “real-world” or within avirtual location namespace. Accordingly, in some embodiments, a“virtual” address namespace or map could replace a “real-world” map, andso on.

The timeframe and location information provided via the controls 510 and520 may define intersection criteria, which may be used to identify anintersection space. The timeframe of the intersection space may be thetimeframe 512 specified using the timeframe control 510, and thelocation of the intersection space may be the location or region enteredvia the location control 520. The interface 500 may display indicatorsof the stories that intersect the intersection space in a display region530. The intersecting stories may be identified as described above inconjunction with FIGS. 2 and 4 (e.g., by comparing timeframe, location,and/or other story metadata to the intersection criteria provided viathe interface, such as the timeframe 512 and/or location 522 or 523). Aswill be described below, the stories in the region 530 may be orderedaccording to which stories are likely to be of the most relevance to theuser.

In some embodiments, the interface 500 may include a title 528. Thetitle 528 may be predetermined. For example, if the interface 500 isconfigured to display a particular intersection space (e.g., the historyof a location), the title may be the name of the location. Fordynamically selected intersection spaces, such as the intersection spacedepicted in FIG. 5A, the title 528 may be determined based upon thecontent of the intersecting stories. For example, the title 528 may beselected from a set of prominent descriptive tags associated with thestories in the intersection space (e.g., if the story tags arepredominantly “summer” and “vacation” the title 528 may be set to“summer vacation”). An example of a “dynamic tag cloud” is describedbelow in conjunction with element 546.

Stories may be displayed within the region 530 in various ways. In someembodiments, stories may be displayed in a “link badge” format. The linkbadge format of a story 532 may include a scaled image 533 of the story,a story title 534, a byline 535 indicting the story contributor, a textselection 536 from the story 532, an intersection indicator 537, and soon. The intersection indicator 537 may identify the intersectioncriteria used to include the story 532 in the intersection space (e.g.,identify the timeframe and/or location of the story 532). As discussedabove, the content of the link badge elements 533, 534, 535, 536, and/or537 (and/or other link badge elements, not shown) may be automaticallyselected from the story content and/or may be authored by the storycontributor (e.g., using a link badge authoring interface, such asinterface 103 of FIG. 1B). In other embodiments, the interface 500 maydisplay the stories 530 in different ways (e.g., a list), a set ofthumbnails, or the like. Therefore, the interface 500 should not be readas limited to any particular way of displaying story indications.

The interface 500 may further comprise one or more metadata displayand/or filtering elements, which may be used to display story metadataand/or “filter” the stories in the intersection space (filter thestories included in the region 530). In the FIG. 5A example, theinterface 500 includes a contributor element 540, a participants element542, an interested persons element 544, a story type element 546, adescriptive tag element 548 (e.g., dynamic tag cloud), and a ratingelement 550. The interface 500, however, is not limited in this regardand could be extended to include any number and/or type of filteringcontrols configured to filter the intersection space based on any typeof story content and/or metadata.

The contributor element 540 may filter stories based upon the storycontributor. In some embodiments, the contributor element 540 displaysthe contributors of the stories in the intersection space. Thecontributor indications may include a count of the number of storiessubmitted by each contributor. Selection of a particular set of one ormore contributors 541 may filter the intersection space, such that onlystories submitted by the specified contributors 541 are includedtherein, stories contributed by other, unselected contributors may beremoved.

A participants element 542 may be provided to filter the intersectionspace based upon which participants appear therein. The participantselement 542 may be pre-populated with a union of the participants of allthe stories in the intersection space. The participant indicators mayinclude a count (or other indicator) of their respective prevalence inthe intersecting stories. The intersection space may be filtered toinclude only those stories that include a particular set of one or moreparticipants 543. The interface may further comprise an interestedpersons element 544, which may operate similarly to the participantselement 542 (e.g., may display a union of the interested personsassociated with the stories in the intersection space and/or provide forfiltering of the intersection space by selected interested persons 545).

In some embodiments, the interface 500 may include a story type element546, which may filter the intersection space by story type. The storytype element 546 may be pre-populated with indications of the storytypes of the stories in the intersection space. The story typeindicators may include respective counts indicating how many stories ofeach type are in the intersection space. Selection of one or more storytypes 547 may filter the intersection space by story type; only storiesof the selected story type(s) 547 will remain in the intersection space.

In some embodiments, the interface 500 may include a descriptive tagelement (dynamic tag cloud) 548, which may be pre-populated with a“dynamic tag cloud” of the intersecting stories; the dynamic tag cloudmay comprise a “union” of the descriptive tags of the stories in theintersection space and included in the region 530. A tag may beexpressed in language, pictures, a combination (picture(s) andlanguage), or the like. The dynamic tag cloud displayed in the element548 may indicate the relative tag prevalence. For example, tags thatappear in many different stories may be displayed prominently (e.g., ina large, bold font), whereas tags other tags may be less prominentlydisplayed (e.g., in a smaller font). Alternatively, or in addition, astory count may be displayed in connection with each tag. The user mayselect one or more tags 549 in the descriptive tag input 548 (or tagcloud) to cause only stories that have the selected tags 549 to beincluded in the intersection space.

The interface 500 may include a rating element 550 configured to filterthe intersecting stories by rating, regardless of whether the rating isexpressed explicitly. The rating element 550 may be pre-populated withan indicator of an average or mean or other rating of the stories in theintersection space. The user may set a rating threshold 551, and anystories that fall below the threshold may be filtered from theintersection space.

As described above, the controls 510 and 520 may be manipulated todynamically modify the intersection criteria of the intersection space,which, in the FIG. 5A example, is timeframe and location. Accordingly,as a user manipulates the controls 510 and/or 520, the stories includedin the intersection space may change and/or the relative ordering of thestories in the region 530 may change. Other elements of the interface500 may similarly change. For instance, the contributor element 540 maybe re-populated to reflect changes to the intersection space (e.g.,remove indicators of contributors whose stories are no longer in theintersection space, update contributor counts, add new contributors, andso on). The participants element 542, interested persons element 544,story type element 546, descriptive tag element 548 (dynamic tag cloud),rating element 550, and/or other elements (not shown) may be similarlyupdated. For example, as the stories in the intersection space change,the tags in the tag cloud displayed in the descriptive tag element 548may be updated (added, removed, etc.). Likewise, the relative prominenceof the tags may change; for instance, a “skiing” tag (e.g., skiing)which was prominent during a winter timeframe may become less prominentwhen the timeframe is shifted into the summer.

The timeframe control 510 of the interface 500 may provide an “invertedtag cloud” display 552. The inverted tag cloud 552 may display a set oftags associated with a selected region of the timeframe control 510. Forexample, the user may hover an interface cursor 505 over a particularlocation on the timeframe control 510. The hover location may specify aparticular timeframe within the timeframe control 510. When the cursoris “hovered” for a pre-determined time, the inverted tag cloud display552 may be shown. The inverted tag cloud display 552 may comprise thedescriptive tags of stories (if any) having a timeframe that intersectsand/or is proximate to the timeframe (in the timeframe control 510) overwhich the cursor 505 is hovering. A user may move the cursor 505 overthe timeframe to see how the story tags change over time.

Frequently, an intersection space will be defined based on thecombination of time and place assigned to a particular story; the userwill be able to see other stories that happened at the same time andplace as the particular story. Alternatively, or in addition, the usermay manipulate the controls/elements 510, 520 and/or 542-550 to selectan intersection space comprising stories related to a very specificevent. For example, the user may be interested in accounts of a trafficaccident. The user may manipulate the controls 510 and 520 to specifythe timeframe and location of the crash. The resulting intersectionspace may include stories that are relevant to the accident (haveintersecting timeframe and location metadata). The user may furtherrefine the intersection space by selecting “accident” or “crash”descriptive tags in the descriptive tag element 548.

In another example, a user may define a broader intersection space inorder to explore the character of a particular location, address,business, stories involving a particular set of participants, or thelike. For instance, the user may want to investigate the “reputation” ofa park to determine whether it would be a suitable place to take hischild. In this case, the user may specify a large timeframe (the lastdecade) and may include a fairly large region (the park and surroundingneighborhoods). The user may further specify descriptive tags ofinterest, such as “crime,” “mugging,” and so on. The resulting storiesmay give the user an idea of how much crime has taken place in the area.

As discussed above, an intersection space may act as a “home page,” or“virtual companion space,” for a particular set of stories (e.g.,stories sharing a common set of intersection criteria, such as timeframeand location). Therefore, in some embodiments, an intersection spaceinterface, such as interface 500, may be fixed to particularintersection criterion. For instance, the network-accessible service(e.g., website) may provide an interface dedicated to chronicling thehistory of a particular location. The location control 520 of thededicated interface may be fixed to the location of interest (e.g.,park, hotel, etc.). The timeframe control 510 of the interface mayremain dynamic or may be similarly restricted. For example, the startingtime of the timeframe 512 of an interface dedicated to the history of aparticular hotel may be limited to the date that construction on thehotel began. In another example, such as an intersection space dedicatedto a youth sports team, the timeframe control 510 may be fixed to aparticular range (e.g., the little league season), and the locationcontrol 520 may be fixed to particular location(s) (e.g., the venueswhere the team practices and plays). As would be appreciated by one ofskill in the art, the teachings of this disclosure could be adapted toprovide any number of dedicated intersection space interfaces directedto any number and/or type of intersection criteria.

In some embodiments, the network-accessible service (e.g., website) mayprovide an interface configured to display an intersection spacededicated to a particular contributor or about a topic of interest tothe owner of the storyline. The intersection space may comprise storiesthat have been contributed and/or borrowed by the contributor over aparticular timeframe and, as such, may represent a life “storyline” forthe contributor. The intersection space may further comprise stories inwhich the contributor has appeared as a participant and/or thecontributor has expressed an interest. As will be described below, thecontributor may “borrow” stories from other contributors, which willcause the borrowed stories to appear on a storyline owned by thecontributor and/or may cause the stories to appear in the contributor'sintersection space. Similarly, a user may be identified (tagged) as an“interested user” in one or more stories. The contributor may “borrow”these stories to include them the contributor's intersection space.

FIG. 5B depicts one embodiment of an interface 503 for displaying acontributor intersection space. In some embodiments, the interface 503comprises a browser-renderable markup configured to be displayed in awindow 502 of a browser application 501. However, as discussed above,the interface 503 is not limited in this regard and could be providedusing any interface display and/or presentation mechanism known in theart.

The interface 503 includes a timeframe control 510 that, as discussedabove, may be used to select a timeframe 512. Selection of the timeframe512 may define a timeframe-contributor intersection space (TCintersection criteria). Indications of the stories that intersect withthe TC intersection criteria may be displayed in region 530 (in a linkbadge format 532). The interface 503 may further comprise one or moremetadata elements, which may be used to display and/or filter theintersecting stories according to story metadata, such as storycontributor 540, story participants 542, interested persons 544, storytype 546, descriptive tags 548, rating 550, and so on. Although notshown in FIG. 5B, the interface 503 may include a location input ordisplay (like the location input 520 of FIG. 5A), which may be used toidentify a location of interest (to define atimeframe-contributor-location intersection space). The intersectionspace interface by comprise a title 528 identifying the contributor(“e.g., Peter's Life”).

The interface 503 may further include a context pane 560. The contextpane 560 may comprise a “tab” (or other interface element) configured todisplay a chronological profile 562 of the contributor or of the topicof the contributor's storyline. As discussed above, a user profile underthe teachings of this disclosure may include chronologically-taggedprofile information (profile information may be associated with aparticular timeframe). Therefore, unlike traditional user profiles thatprovide only an “instantaneous” picture of the user, the user profilestaught herein may provide a user profile chronology. For example, a userprofile attribute, such as marital status, may be different at differenttimes of a contributors life; the contributor starts out as “single,”gets married in 1994, is divorced in 1998, and is remarried in 2004. Themarital status of the user may include each of these attributes (single,married, divorced, remarried), each associated with a respectivetimeframe. Other “milestone” type life events, such as educationalstatus, employment status, and the like, may be similarly tied to achronology. For example, chronological profile attributes may show theprogression of the contributor's musical or artistic taste over time.User-defining information, such as a “motto,” favorite quote, or thelike, may be tied to a chronology as may the contributor's physicalattributes (height, weight, health, chronic disease, etc.). For example,the user may indicate that from 2003 to 2005 he/she was “fightingcancer,” and from 2006 onward is a “cancer survivor.” The user profilemay comprise a plurality of contributor avatars, each associated with adifferent respective timeframe. Accordingly, the profile photos mayillustrate changes in the appearance of the contributor over time. Asused herein, an avatar may refer to any depiction of a user (graphicalor otherwise). Therefore, an avatar may refer to a photograph, acaricature, a drawing or illustration, a video clip, renderable content,or the like.

The chronological profile 562 may include a timeframe indicator 564 thatshows the relevant time period covered in the profile 562 (from Apr. 4,2005, to Oct. 5, 2005). The timeframe indictor 564 may correspond to thetimeframe 512 of the timeframe control 510. The contents 566 of thechronological profile 562 may comprise the profile entries that“intersect” with the timeframe 564 (attributes that were valid duringthe specified timeframe 564). The content 566 may include the profilephoto that corresponds to the timeframe 564. If multiple attributes arevalid during the timeframe 564, each valid attribute may be displayed(e.g., marital status may display as married, divorced (on date)).Alternatively, only the “most recent,” “least recent,” “most prevalent,”or similar profile attribute may be displayed (as determinedautomatically or by the user). For example, if the contributor wasmarried on the last day of a three-month timeframe 564, marital statusmay be “married.” Alternatively, since during most of the timeframe 564the contributor was single, the status may indicate “single.” Thedisclosure contemplates many different mechanisms for selecting and/orprioritizing chronological information (e.g., method 700 of FIG. 7A)and, as such, this disclosure is not limited to any particular techniquefor selecting chronological profile information.

The context pane 560 may further include an age display element (as a“tab” or other interface element) 570. Therefore, although the agedisplay element 570 is shown as a separate component (window), it may beincluded as selectable tab of the context pane 560. The age displayelement 570 may be configured to display a chronologically comparisonbetween the contributor's life to the life of another user (or prominentperson). The “age” used for comparison purposes may be the age of thecontributor at the timeframe 512 specified in the timeframe control 510.The age display element 570 may include an indicator 572 of the relevanttime period, which may comprise the comparison age discussed above. Theage display element 570 may compare the stories and/or profileinformation of the contributor at the identified age to stories and/orprofile information of another user. Accordingly, the chronologicalcontext of the other user may be “shifted” to correspond to thecontributor's age. For example, the life events of Abraham Lincoln maybe “time shifted” to correspond to the chronology of the contributor.Relevant results may be presented in a display area 574. For example, ifthe contributor is age 22 in the timeframe 572, contributor's profileand/or stories may be compared to Abraham Lincoln's life events at age22 (at age 22 Abraham Lincoln struck out on his own, canoeing down theSangamon River to New Salem). This information may be juxtaposed to thecontributors profile information; for example, the contributor may haverecently graduated from college and is moving to a new town for his/herfirst job. It would be understood by one of skill in the art that anymanner of age- or chronology-based comparisons could be included in theage display element 570.

The context pane 560 may further include a general context displayelement (as a “tab” or other interface element) 580. Therefore, althoughthe age display element 580 is shown as a separate component (window),it may be included as selectable tab of the context pane 560. Thegeneral context display element 580 may include a timeframe indicator582, which may correspond to the timeframe control 510, 512. A displayarea 584 of the element 580 may include general context informationrelevant to the indicated timeframe 582. The display area may includenewsworthy events, top songs (including “listen” or “purchase” links),what other “notable lives” were doing at the time, what members of thecontributor's circle were doing, and so on.

As discussed above, a contributor may “borrow” stories from othercontributors. In some embodiments, a contributor may be a tagged as aparticipant and/or as an “interested person” in a story contributed byanother user. The contributor may be informed of the story (via amessage, a display element, or the like), and may be given theopportunity to accept or reject the tag. In addition, the contributormay be prompted to view and/or “borrow” the story. As will be discussedbelow, rejecting a “participant” or “interested person” tag may causethe contributor to be removed from the story metadata (e.g., be unlinkedfrom the story), accepting the tag may cause the contributor to beassociated with the story (e.g., be displayed in “participant” or“interested person” story metadata, and so on). Borrowing the story maycause the story to be included in the contributor's intersection space.Accordingly, the story may appear with other stories contributed by thecontributor. When a story is borrowed, the borrower may specify accesscontrols for the story, as if the story were contributed and/or authoredby the borrower. The contributor may specify that the story is to beavailable publicly or only within one or more circles. Accordingly,access to a story may be predicated on a “multi-tiered” system. A firsttier may be determined by the original story contributor (e.g., whetherthe participants may have access to the story). The story participantsthat borrow the story may include their own set of access controls(e.g., additional tiers of access). For example, the originalcontributor may specify that a story is to be accessible to his “family”circle. A user who borrows the story may choose to publish the story toa different group of people (e.g., his “friends” circle).

Multi-tiered access control may be leveraged to publish stories in a“mixed trust” environment. For example, a group of parents whosechildren play on the same soccer team may not have personalrelationships with one another; they may, however, have a trustrelationship with the coach. The parents may choose to restrictivelyshare stories related to the soccer team with the coach, who may“borrow” the stories. The coach, who has a trust relationship with theother parents, may publish the stories to a “parents” circle. In thisway, all of the parents may get access to soccer-related stories, whilepreserving their individual privacy (and without individuallyestablishing trust relationships with each of the other parents).Alternatively, if the coach makes the circle public or otherwise visibleto its members, members could borrow the coach's circle and use it as atarget for other published stories.

The original contributor of a story may control how certain storyinformation is disseminated in the multi-tiered access scheme describedabove. For example, the original contributor may refer certain storymetadata (timeframe and/or location) using aliases. The “actual” dataassociated with the aliases may be available only to the user's“friends” circle. Therefore, even if a friend publicly shares a story,other users accessing the story may not have access to the underlyingtimeframe and/or location information.

In some embodiments, the original story contributor may have additionalcontrols over story sharing. For example, the user may not allow thestory to be borrowed and/or the user may define to whom the story may beaccessible. These types of access controls may be tied to the story, toprevent the story from being made available outside of a specified groupof people (outside of a specified circle).

As illustrated above in FIGS. 5A and 5B, an intersection space mayinclude a plurality of intersecting stories (displayed in the region530). The story indications displayed in the region 530 may be orderedaccording to the likelihood that the story will be relevant to the user.Stories considered more “important” (relevant) to the user may bedisplayed more prominently within the region 530 (e.g., at the head of alist, in a larger, bold font or the like). The likelihood that a storyis relevant may be based on comparisons between the story metadata andthe intersection space criteria and/or metadata filters.

FIG. 5C depicts one embodiment of an interface 504 for displaying astory. The interface 504 may be accessible via the interfaces 500 and/or503 by, inter alia, selecting a story displayed in the region 530. Theinterface may display story content, such as a story title, text (intext display area 508), story images, or other content items (e.g.,video, audio, etc), including a currently selected or highlightedcontent item 509 as well as “thumbnail” indicators 511 of other storyitems. In some embodiments, the interface 504 may include a video playercomponent (not shown), an audio player component (not shown), or thelike.

The interface may identify the story contributor in a byline display506. The byline may display a profile avatar (photo) 507 of thecontributor. The byline display 506 may comprise a link to an interfaceconfigured to display other stories of the contributor (such asinterface 503 discussed above). If the contributor specified an alias,and the viewer of the interface 504 is not authorized to access thecontributor alias, the byline may not identify the user by his/herusername, but instead an alias may be depicted and a different avatar507 (if any) may be displayed. The link component of the byline 506 maylink to stories submitted under the alias name (or the link may bedisabled).

The interface 504 may display an intersection component 571, which maydisplay metadata describing the story, such as a timeframe indicator 573and/or a location indicator 575. The timeframe indicator 573 may bedepicted on a timeframe control (not shown) as text (as in indicator573), or the like. The story location metadata may be depicted on a mapinterface 575 (or in some other way, such as text, as a virtuallocation, an alias, or the like). The story location may be identifiedas a region and/or location point 577. The intersection component 571may comprise a link 579 to access other items at the story intersection(e.g., to access stories that “intersect” with the story based on thestory metadata, such as timeframe, location, participants, and thelike).

If the story timeframe and/or location metadata are expressed asaliases, and the viewer of the interface 504 is not authorized to accessthe “actual value” of the aliases, the location and/or timeframeindicators 575 and/or 573 may be hidden or depicted as their “aliasvalues.” Accordingly, the intersection link 579 may be disabled and/ormay be directed to a limited set of stories having the same contributoralias.

The interface 504 may include a participants element 543 that displaysindications of the story participants as identified by the storycontributor (including the contributor, if applicable). The participantindicators 543 may comprise links to the respective participants'profiles (discussed below), or a link to an interface depicting theparticipants' stories (e.g., in an interface, such as the interface 503discussed above). Interested persons indicators 545 may similarlydisplay indications of the persons identified as being interested in thestory. The interface 504 may include a story type element 547 to displaythe story type, and a descriptive tags element 549 may be to display thestory tags.

In some embodiments, the interface 504 may comprise a comments displayelement 578, which may be configured to display user-submitted commentspertaining to the story. As will be discussed below, users identified asstory participants and/or interested persons (in displays 543 and/or545) may have a “right to comment” on the story. Comments submitted bystory participants and/or interested persons may be prominentlydisplayed in the element 578 (to prevent participant comments from being“drowned out” by other commentary). A comment input component 579 may beprovided to receive user-submitted commentary.

A rating input and display element 590 may be provided to allow users torate various aspects of the story. In some embodiments, the rating input590 may comprise a multi-factor rating input. Examples of such inputsare described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/539,789, entitled“Systems and Methods for Aggregating Content on a User-Content DrivenWebsite,” filed Aug. 12, 2009, which is hereby incorporated by referencein its entirety. In some embodiments, the interface 504 may include aplurality of rating inputs 590, each adapted to rate a different aspectof the story (e.g., story content, story metadata, descriptive tags,etc.). In some embodiments, for example, users may rate the relevance ofdescriptive tags. Examples of such rating inputs are provided in U.S.patent application Ser. No. 11/969,407, entitled “Relevancy Rating ofTags,” filed Jan. 4, 2008, which is hereby incorporated by reference inits entirety.

In some embodiments, user ratings may be used to form an overallcontributor rating, which may be displayed in connection with thecontributor's profile. Examples of contributor rating indices andrelated displays are disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No.12/540,171 which is incorporated by reference above. In someembodiments, the weight given the contributor's ratings of otheruser-submitted content may be based, at least in part, on thecontributor's rating. Examples of systems and methods for calibratinguser-submitted ratings are described in U.S. patent application Ser. No.12/540,163, entitled, “Systems and Methods for Calibrating UserRatings,” filed Aug. 12, 2009, which is hereby incorporated by referencein its entirety.

FIG. 6 depicts one embodiment of a method for prioritizing itemspresented in a chronology. For example, the method 600 may be used atstep 460 of FIG. 4 to order a list of stories in an intersection spaceand/or to order the story indicators in the region 530 of the interface500.

At step 610, the method 600 may be initialized as described above.Initializing may comprise accessing a datastore comprising a pluralityof stories, each associated with metadata, such as a timeframe,location, and so on.

At step 620, intersection criteria may be received, the intersectioncriteria may comprise a location and timeframe of interest. Theintersection criteria may be received in response to user interactionwith one or more user interface components, such as the timeframe and/orlocation controls discussed above. Alternatively, the intersectioncriteria may be provided by another device or process. For instance, theintersection criteria may be derived from current location and/or timeinformation provided by a computing device and/or mobile communicationdevice (e.g., mobile phone, computer, etc.). In other examples, theintersection criteria is derived from the intersection metadata of acontent item of another story (such as a photograph) or from anotherstory (e.g., to find other stories that intersect with a particularstory).

At step 630, the method 600 may identify a plurality of stories thatintersect with the received intersection criteria. As discussed above,the intersecting stories may be identified by comparing intersectionmetadata of the stories to the received intersection criteria. Step 630may further comprise comparing the stories to one or more filters (e.g.,descriptive tags, participants, etc.).

At step 640, the intersecting stories identified at step 630 may beassigned a relative order. The order may be determined by comparing theintersection criteria and/or filters to the story metadata. In someembodiments, each intersecting story may be assigned a respective“relevance” score. The relevance metric may quantify an empiricallydetermined likelihood that the story will be relevant to a user viewingthe intersection space. In some embodiments, the relevance metric may bedetermined by combining relevance metrics of different story metadata.For example, a story may be assigned a “timeframe” relevance metric, a“location” relevance metric, and so on, which may be combined into anoverall relevance metric used to order the stories. The relativerelevance metrics may be weighted with respect to one another. Forexample, the “location” relevance metric may be more heavily weighted insome situations than the “timeframe” relevance metric.

At step 650, the intersecting stories may be presented in a userinterface in the order determined at step 640.

Although the method 600 is described as ordering stories (as are methods700 and 800 discussed below), one of skill in the art would recognizethat the chronological- and/or location-based ordering disclosed hereincould be applied to any content item associated with chronologicalinformation. Therefore, this disclosure should not be read as limited toordering only certain types of content.

FIG. 7A is a flowchart of one embodiment of a method 700 for determiningstory importance using timeframe comparisons. The method 700 may be usedto determine a relative order of a plurality of stories in anintersection space and/or to assign a “timeframe” relevance metricthereto.

At steps 710, 720, and 730, the method 700 may be initialized,intersection criteria may be received, and a plurality of intersectingstories may be identified as described above.

At step 740, the timeframe of each of the stories may be compared to theintersection criteria timeframe (referred to as the “prevailing time”)to determine a relative ordering of the stories and/or to assign atimeframe relevance metric thereto.

In some embodiments, the stories may be ordered (or the “timeframe”score may be set) according to a “relative start time” metric. In thiscase, stories having a start time that is after the start time of theprevailing timeframe are ordered before stories having a start time thatis before the start time of the prevailing timeframe. The stories thatstart after the prevailing timeframe are ordered chronologically (basedon proximity to the prevailing start time). The stories that beginbefore the prevailing timeframe are ordered in reverse chronologicalorder (again based on proximity to the prevailing start time).

FIG. 7B depicts exemplary timeframe comparisons. FIG. 7B depicts anintersection criteria timeframe (prevailing time) 711 and acorresponding set of intersecting stories 701-705. The timeframe ofstories 701, 702 and 703 begin after the start time of the prevailingtimeframe 711, and the timeframe of stories 704 and 705 begin before thetime of the prevailing timeframe 711. Accordingly, stories 701, 702, and703 will be ordered before stories 704 and 705. Stories 701, 702, and703 are ordered chronologically with respect to one another, and stories704 and 705 are ordered in reverse chronological order. The resultingorder 713 and/or timeframe relevance metrics (from most to leastrelevant) is 701, 702, 703, 704 and 705.

In other embodiments, stories may be ordered according to an “absolutestart time” metric. In this case, the stories may ordered according tothe “absolute value” of the difference between story start time andprevailing start time regardless of whether the story start time beginsbefore or after the prevailing start time. Referring to FIG. 7B, theorder 723 using “absolute start time” is 704 (since it is the mostproximate to the prevailing start time 711), 701, 705, 702, and 703.

In other embodiments, a timeframe metric may be used. The timeframemetric may quantify how closely the prevailing timeframe corresponds tothe timeframe of a story (e.g., a comparison of the “scale” of thetimeframes). The timeframe correspondence may be determined as a sum (orother combination) of an absolute value difference between the storystart time and prevailing start time and the story end time andprevailing end time. Referring to FIG. 7B, order 733 according to thetimeframe metric begins with story 701, which most closely correspondsto the intersection criteria timeframe followed by 702, 704, 703, and705. As illustrated above, the timeframe ordering 733 assigns importancebased upon comparisons between the “scale” of the story and intersectioncriteria timeframe. Additional detail regarding timeframe and/or timescale comparisons is provided below in conjunction with FIGS. 9A and 9B.

Referring back to FIG. 7A, although the method 700 is described using aparticular set of exemplary timeframe comparison techniques, one ofskill in the art would recognize that method 700 could be extended toincorporate any time and/or timeframe comparison technique known in theart. Therefore, method 700 is not limited to the exemplary timeframecomparisons disclosed above.

After the timeframe ordering of the stories is determined and/or atimeframe relevance metric is assigned to each of the stories, the flowmay continue to step 750 where the ordered stories may be presented to auser in an interface and/or additional ordering processing may occur(e.g., at step 640 of FIG. 6).

FIG. 8A is a flowchart of one embodiment of a method 800 for determiningstory importance using location comparisons. The method 800 may be usedto determine a relative order of a plurality of stories in anintersection space and/or to assign a “location” relevance metricthereto.

At steps 810, 820, and 830, the method 800 may be initialized,intersection criteria may be received, and a plurality of intersectingstories may be identified as described above.

At step 840, the location of each of the stories may be compared to theintersection criteria location (referred to as the “prevailinglocation”) to determine a relative ordering of the stories and/or toassign a location relevance metric thereto.

In some embodiments, the stories may be ordered (or the “location” scoremay be set) according to a “proximity” metric. In this case, stories maybe ordered according to the proximity of the “center” of the storylocation to the “center” of the intersection criteria location. As usedherein, the “center” may refer to a particular point location within aregion (e.g., the center of a circle or square region). If a location isspecified as a particular point or address, the “center” is theparticular point or address.

FIG. 8B depicts exemplary location comparisons. The intersectioncriteria may include a region 811 having a center 812. Stories 801, 802,and 803 may be ordered 813 (or location score assigned) based theproximity of each story location center to the center 812. The story 801is most proximate to the center 812 and, as such, is ordered first,followed by 803 and 802.

In other embodiments, stories may be ordered according to an “area ofoverlap” order 823 that corresponds to the area of overlap between theintersection criteria location 811 and the story locations. Referring toFIG. 8B, the story 803 completely overlaps the intersection criterialocation 811 and, as such, is ordered first, followed by 802 and 801.

In other embodiments, stories may be ordered according to the ratio ofstory location area to the area of overlap between the story locationand intersection criteria location. Under this metric, stories that haveextremely broad locations may be ordered lower than stories that have anarea that more closely resembles the intersection criteria area.Referring to FIG. 8B, the story 801 may be placed first in the order 833since it has a high ratio of overlap area to total area (1 to 1), story802 is ordered next, and story 803, which has an extremely broadlocation, is ordered last.

In another example, the location score is calculated using a Euclidiannorm (e.g., an L₁- or L₂-norm). The area of a story (or locationintersection criteria) may be defined using a 4-value tuple (s,w,n,e),in which s is a southern extent of the area (e.g., latitude of southernside of the bounding box), w is the western extent of the area (e.g.,longitude of the western side of the bounding box), n is the southernextent, and e is the eastern extent. Location intersection criteria maybe represented as a “query” location tuple q₀-q₃, and the location of astory may be similarly represented as a story location tuple s₀-s₃. Thelocation score between intersection criteria and a story may be basedupon the Euclidian distance therebetween (the Euclidian L₁-norm), perEquation 1:

$\begin{matrix}{{d_{L\; 1}\left( {q,s} \right)} = {\sum\limits_{i = 0}^{3}{{q_{i} - s_{i}}}}} & {{Eq}.\mspace{14mu} 1}\end{matrix}$

Equation 1 quantifies the difference between the area of the query(location intersection criteria q) and the location of the story (storylocation s_(i)). Small values of d_(L1) indicate greater spatialsimilarity. The stories 801, 802, and 803 may be ordered according tothe Euclidian distance value (d_(L1)) as described above. As would beappreciated by one of skill in the art, Equation 1 could be modified tocalculate a Euclidian distance (or an equivalent value) in othercoordinate systems and/or in other dimensions. For example, Equation 1may be adapted to calculate the distance between two or more volumes in3-space. Accordingly, the disclosure should not be read as limited inthis regard.

In another embodiment, the spatial relevance (or importance) of a storyis determined using a spectral clustering (or spectral partitioning)approach. In this approach, the intersection criteria location is deemedto be the “kernel” of a spectral partition. The distance between thekernel and each story is expressed using a distance matrix D perEquation 2:D _(i,j) =|d(s _(i) −k)−d(s _(j) −k)|  Eq. 2

The resulting matrix D is a real symmetric matrix having an orthonormalbasis of eigenvectors. The first leading eigenvector describes theprinciple behavior of the data (the story with respect to the kernel),and the second leading eigenvector describes the behavior of the firstleading eigenvector. Accordingly, the signs of the entries in the secondleading eigenvector provide a natural partition of the story locationmetadata.

With the partitions of the stories determined, the partition that isclosest to the kernel (according to a distance metric, such as theEuclidian L1-norm described above), is identified as most spatiallyimportant. FIG. 8C depicts examples of location partitioning, such asspectral partitioning 803. The boundary 843 represents an initiallocation intersection criteria. As depicted in FIG. 8C, the initiallocation 843 does not intersect any of the stories (853, 863, and/or873). The initial intersection criteria 843 is expanded (as describedbelow) to the boundary 845, which does intersect the locationintersection metadata of a number of stories. A distance matrix D forthe stories within boundary 845 is calculated and used to partition thestories into partitions 853, 863, and 873.

The stories are assigned a relative importance based upon the distancebetween their respective partition and the kernel (boundary 845, ororiginal intersection criteria boundary 843). As shown in FIG. 8C, thepartition 863 is closer than the partitions 853 and/or 873 and, as such,is identified as the most important.

In some embodiments, the story partitions may be further leveraged to“filter” and/or select stories for inclusion in the intersection space.For example, stories that are in the same partition may be considered tobe relevant to one another and, as such, are treated as a group. Storiesmay be included and/or excluded from the intersection space by partitionmembership. In example depicted in FIG. 8C, only the most importantpartition 863 is included in the intersection space, which results innew location intersection criteria (boundary 847). In other examples,the N most relevant partitions are included in the intersection spaceand/or modifications to the location intersection criteria (e.g.,boundary 845) are adapted according to partition distribution.Alternatively, or in addition, partitions may be included and/orexcluded from the intersection space based upon a partition distancemetric and/or in accordance with intersection space constraints, such asa maximum story threshold and/or a sufficiency threshold. Although thedisclosure provides several exemplary mechanisms for determining storyimportance, the disclosure is not limited in this regard and could beadapted to incorporate any suitable unsupervised machine learningtechnique (community detection or cluster analysis), including, but notlimited to: hierarchical clustering, partitional clustering (e.g.,k-means clustering, quality threshold clustering, etc.), modularitymaximization, principle component analysis, alternative spectralclustering and/or partitioning techniques, or the like.

Referring back to FIG. 8A, although the method 800 is described using aparticular set of exemplary location comparison techniques, one of skillin the art would recognize that method 800 could be extended toincorporate any location and/or area comparison technique known in theart. Therefore, the disclosure is not limited to the exemplary locationcomparisons disclosed above. The partition that is closest to the kernel(according to the Euclidian distance described above, or some otherdistance metric), may be selected as the most relevant or importantsubset within the intersection space.

After the location ordering of the stories is determined and/or alocation relevance metric is assigned to each of the stories, the flowmay continue to step 850 where the ordered stories may be presented to auser in an interface and/or additional ordering (or other processing)may occur (e.g., at step 640 of FIG. 6).

As discussed above, the order in which stories appear in an intersectionspace may be determined by comparing the story timeframe to theprevailing timeframe of the intersection space. Timeframe informationmay also be used to maintain the visibility of important stories withina prevailing timeframe. As used herein, an “important” story may be astory that is likely to be highly-relevant and/or of interest to a user.Maintaining the visibility of an important story may comprise placingimportant stories at the head of a story list (e.g., region 530 if FIGS.5A and 5 b), prominently displaying the important stories, filtering“unimportant stories” from the intersection space, or the like.

A timeframe selection control, such as the control 510 of FIGS. 5A and5B may be scalable; a user may “zoom in” to view a detailed timeframespanning a single day, hour, or minute, or “zoom out” to view atimeframe that spans a significantly longer timeframe (e.g., months,years, decades, etc.) As the user “zooms out” and/or otherwise increasesthe size of a prevailing time, more items may be included in theresulting intersection space. Conversely, when the user “zooms in,” asmaller number of stories may intersect the prevailing time. In eithercase, it may be important to highlight “important” stories within theprevailing timeframe that are likely to be of interest to the user.

The identification of important stories may be similar to a “level ofdetail” interface on a map. The information displayed on the map may beappropriate to the map scale. When the view of a map is zoomed out,low-level details, such as city names, local roads, and the like arehidden (since their inclusion would render the map unreadable), andhigher-level features are displayed, such as state lines, majorroadways, and the like. Conversely, when a user zooms in, the displaymay replace the higher-level features with more detailed features, suchas city names, county lines, and the like in accordance with the moredetailed map scale.

A similar phenomenon may occur as a user explores the intersection spaceof particular stories. As discussed above, a user may browsechronological content (stories) using intersection criteria, such as aparticular timeframe of interest (also referred to as a “prevailingtimeframe” or more generally as “intersection criteria”). The stories inan intersection space may be “filtered” by their relative importance. Insome embodiments, important stories may be included in a particularresults set or displayed in an interface, while other, less importantstories may be excluded. As used herein, the “importance” of a story canrefer to metadata associated with the story itself (e.g., an importancevalue set by the user) and/or to the relevance of a story to aparticular set of intersection criteria. For example, the relativeimportance of an item within a prevailing timeframe may be quantifiedby, inter alia, comparing a timeframe associated with the item to theprevailing timeframe. When there is a high correlation between a scaleof the item's timeframe and the scale of the timeframe of interest, theitem may be identified as potentially important. Conversely, when thescale of the item's timeframe and the prevailing timeframe differs, theitem may be considered to be less important. Accordingly, storyimportance may be intersection-criteria specific; a story that is highlyimportant in a first intersection space may be less important in asecond intersection space (e.g., due to differences in the intersectioncriteria of the intersection spaces).

For example, consider the stories 901-907 illustrated on the chronology900 of FIG. 9A. Each of the stories 901-907 is associated with arespective timeframe: story 901 may describe coffee with a friend andmay have a short timeframe of less than an hour; story 902 may relate tothe birth of a child and may span a few months (late pregnancy until thechild is taken home from the hospital); story 903 may describe thepurchase of a new car 903 and may span the three (3) years that thecontributor owned the car; story 904 may describe a routine lunch with aclient that covers a few hours, story 905 may describe a week sick inbed; story 906 may describe the contributor's experience attending aplay with his wife and may span approximately four (4) hours; and story907 may describe life at 1021 Biglong Street where the contributor livedfor six (6) years.

As illustrated in FIG. 9A, the timeframe of the stories 901-907 maydiffer significantly from one another, however, each story timeframeintersect with a particular timeframe (e.g., a week 910).

A user may browse the items 901-907 based upon a particular prevailingtimeframe of interest. In some examples, the user may browse the stories901-907 using an “intersection space” interface, such as the interfaces500 and/or 503 described above in conjunction with FIGS. 5A and/or 5B.

The user may specify a broad prevailing timeframe, such as the 10-yearspan 912, which includes the week 910 that intersects all of the stories901-907. Important stories may be identified within the prevailingtimeframe 912 by comparing the story timeframes 901-907 to theprevailing timeframe 912. Given that the selected prevailing timeframe912 is fairly broad (10 years), it may be determined that the storiesthat have a similarly broad timeframe will be more important thanshorter-duration stories; the broader timeframe stories are moreappropriate to the level of detail specified by the user in theprevailing timeframe 912. Accordingly, in the context of a 10-yeartimeframe 912, stories 902, 903, and/or 907 may be considered moreimportant than stories 901, 904, 905, and/or 906, which have muchnarrower timeframes (and may be less appropriate to the level of detailspecified by the user).

When a user specifies a different timeframe, a different set of storiesmay be identified as “important.” For example, when a user specifies anarrower timeframe, such as the timeframe 914 that spans approximatelythree months, “medium-termed” stories, such as the story about the birthof the son 902 and/or a week sick in bed 905 may be identified as moreimportant than the longer-termed stories 903 and/or 907. Although thestories 903 and 907 intersect with the timeframe 914, they may beconsidered to be less important in the context of the narrowerprevailing timeframe 914 specified by the user (less appropriate to themore specific level of detail indicated by timeframe 914). Similarly,the stories with the shortest timeframes (the coffee with a friend 901,lunch with a client 904, and/or attending a play 906) may be lessimportant since their timeframes are still significantly smaller thanthe timeframe of interest 914 and/or the timeframe of stories 902 and905. Conversely, when a highly-specific timeframe 916 is specified (atimeframe of a few days), the shorter-termed stories, such as coffeewith a friend 901, lunch with a client 904, and/or attending a play 906may be considered to be more important than the other stories 902, 903,904, 905, and/or 907, since the stories 901, 904, and/or 906 are moreappropriate to the highly-detailed timeframe 916 specified by the user.

As described above, timeframe scale comparisons may be used to quantifythe importance of items (such as stories) within a particular prevailingtimeframe or chronology. However, the disclosure is not limited totimeframe comparisons and could be extended to include any comparisonmetric(s) known in the art. For example, criteria, such as itemtimeframe scale (discussed above), timeframe correlation, item location,item repetition frequency, item content, item type (e.g., news story,biographical story, review, etc.), item quality metrics, access metrics,borrow metrics, user-provided importance indicator, and so on, may beused to determine relative item importance.

Item timeframe scale may be determined by comparing a scale of the itemtimeframe to a scale of the prevailing timeframe as discussed above.Item timeframe correlation may quantify the extent to which the itemtimeframe and the prevailing timeframe overlap. Examples of timeframecorrelation metrics are disclosed above in conjunction with method 700of FIG. 7A.

Item location metrics may quantify the correlation between an itemlocation and a prevailing location (if specified). Like the timeframecomparisons discussed above in conjunction with method 800 of FIG. 8A, alocation metric may quantify the proximity and/or overlap between anitem location and a location of interest. A location metric may alsocompare the scale of the item location (how specifically the itemlocation is defined) to the scale of the location of interest. The scalecomparison may be performed similarly to the timeframe scalecomparison(s) discussed above.

An item repetition metric may quantify how often an item is repeated(e.g., coffee with a friend). In some embodiments, item repetition maybe identified automatically using item metadata (e.g., such asidentifying a repeating item timeframe, location, descriptive tags, orthe like). Alternatively, or in addition, a contributor may explicitlymark an item as repeating (e.g., mark the item as part of a storyline asdiscussed below). In some embodiments, a repeating item may beconsidered to be less important than less frequent items.

An item content metric may quantify relevance based on the quantityand/or type of content in an item (story) or the mechanism used tocreate the story. For example, a story comprising only a few short linesmay be considered to be less important than a story that includes alarge amount of text and/or other multimedia content (e.g., photos,video, audio, etc.). However, a story comprising only a few short linesthat was created using a mobile application may be considered moreimportant than a story comprising only a few short lines that wascreated using a Web browser interface, because mobile applications arebetter suited to telling shorter stories and thus a short story createdon a mobile device may be deemed to be more likely to be important thana short story told via a browser interface. Alternatively or inaddition, a story contributed to the system via an ApplicationProgramming Interface (API) or via email may be deemed to have more orless significance than a story created natively.

Item type criteria may quantify item importance based on item type(e.g., story type). For example, a “status” story type (a simple storythat relates what the contributor was doing at a particular time, e.g.,“going to the store”) may not be considered as important as a“biographical” or “news” story type.

Item quality metrics may identify items that have been highly rated byother users; higher rated items may be considered more important thatlower rated items. An access metric, which may quantify how many times aparticular item has been viewed, may be used to identify importantstories. Similarly, the number of times a story has been “borrowed” byother users may be indicative of story importance.

In some embodiments, the item contributor may provide his/her ownimportance indicator. The indicator may be expressed on a continuum(such as from 1 to 100), or using a set or pre-defined identifiers(e.g., “routine,” “frequent,” “minor,” “significant,” “life-changing,”“critical,” and so on). An input configured to receive an itemimportance indicator may be included on a contribution interface, suchas the interface 100 of FIG. 1A. In some embodiments, user-providedidentifiers may be displayed in a timeline indicator as “milestones” or“marker events.” When determining relative story importance, storiesindicated as a “milestone” or “marker event,” may be given a highimportance rating.

FIG. 9B is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method for determiningthe relative importance and/or relevance of stories in an intersectionspace. At steps 915, 925, and 935, the method 909 starts and isinitialized, receives intersection criteria, and identifies intersectingstories, as described above.

At step 945, the method calculates a location/area ordering of theintersection space. Step 945 may comprise calculating the area ofoverlap, distance, Euclidian distance, spectral partitioning, or otherlocation/area metric, resulting in an ordering that is based upon thespatial relevance (location importance) of the stories to theintersection criteria (e.g., as described above in conjunction withFIGS. 8A and 8B).

At step 947, further ordering is applied using a timeframe metric (e.g.,as described above in conjunction with FIGS. 7A, 7B, and 9A), resultingin an ordering based upon temporal relevance (timeframe importance).

At step 955, a composite ordering for the stories is determined. In someembodiments, the composite ordering comprises partitioning the storiesusing a spectral partitioning technique, assigning correspondingimportance scores at step 945, and then ordering the stories within eachpartition at step 947. In these embodiments, the spatial relevanceweighs more heavily in the ordering than the temporal relevance. Inother embodiments, the temporal ordering of step 947 may be more heavilyweighted. For example, the order of steps 945 and 947 may be reversed,and the initial ordering (e.g., partitioning) of the stories may bebased upon temporal relevance. The order within each cluster may bedetermined according to the relative spatial relevance of the storiestherein.

In some embodiments, the spatial and temporal importance scores arecombined using a scoring system; each story is assigned a respectivescore based upon its spatial and temporal relevance with respect to theintersection criteria. At step 955, the scores are combined to calculatea composite importance of the story, which is used to order the storiesin the intersection space. In some embodiments, the temporal and spatialscores may be weighted equally. Alternatively, the scores may beweighted according to a user preference (e.g., provided as part of theintersection criteria), weighted based upon the intersection criteria,and/or based upon the nature of the intersection space. For example,intersection criteria that includes a finely-grained timeframe (a fewhours), and a broad intersection space, may indicate that the user ismore interested in the timeframe of story content than the location.Therefore, the temporal relevance of step 947 may be weighted moreheavily than the spatial relevance of step 945 in the composite orderingat 955. Alternatively, if the timeframe is very broad, and the locationis highly specific, the relative weighting may be reversed (e.g., toweight the spatial relevance more highly than the temporal relevance).In another example, the weights may be based upon the “density” of theintersection space. The intersection space may be dense with respect totimeframe, and sparse with respect to location, and the relevance scoresmay be weighted accordingly (e.g., weighted in proportion to therelative density of the stories in the intersection space). Althoughparticular mechanisms for calculating a composite ordering at step 955are described, the disclosure is not limited in this regard and could beadapted to use any suitable technique determining a composite orderingknown in the art. Moreover, the disclosure is not limited to orderingstory content by spatial and/or timeframe relevance; the systems andmethods disclosed herein could be adapted to order story content usingother intersection criteria, such as metadata tag relevance, socialrelevance, and so on.

In some embodiments, stories are indexed using the story intersectionmetadata. The indexing may occur as the stories are received or edited.Alternatively, or in addition, indexing may occur periodically (e.g.,during low-load conditions, at pre-determined times, etc.). The up-frontindexing may provide for more efficient searching and/or browsing withinthe intersection space. In some embodiments, stories are indexed bylocation using a hierarchical partitioning or clustering technique. Theindexing may allow stories to be selected for inclusion in anintersection space based upon partition membership as opposed toevaluating each story individually. The indexing may further compriseindexing stories by timeframe using similar techniques (e.g.,timeframe-based partitioning or clustering).

In some embodiments, the indexing includes partitioning or clusteringstories based upon the scale of the story intersection metadata; storiespertaining to similarly sized areas and/or timeframes may be groupedtogether. The scale indexing may be used to efficiently determineintersection inclusion and/or to relative story importance, as describedabove.

FIG. 10A is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method 1000 foridentifying important items within a chronology. At step 1010, themethod 1000 may start and be initialized as described above.

At step 1020, a prevailing timeframe may be received. The prevailingtimeframe may be part of intersection criteria and, as such, may definean intersection space comprising a plurality of items (stories). Theprevailing timeframe may be received via an interface as part of a queryor browse operation. For example, the prevailing timeframe may have beenprovided via the timeframe control 510 described above in conjunctionwith FIGS. 5A and 5B.

Step 1020 may further comprise receiving and/or determining an itemthreshold. The item threshold may determine how many items are to bereturned (e.g., return no more than ten results). Alternatively, or inaddition, the threshold may comprise an “importance” threshold. Itemsthat intersect with the prevailing timeframe, but do not meet theimportance threshold, may not be returned and/or presented by the method1000.

At step 1030, a plurality of items that intersect the prevailingtimeframe may be identified. An intersecting item may be an item havinga timeframe that “overlaps” the prevailing timeframe received at step1020. In some embodiments, the intersecting items may be identified asdescribed above in conjunction with FIGS. 3 and 4.

At step 1040, a relative importance of the identified items may bedetermined. The relative importance of an item may be determined bycomparing the scale (breadth) of the item timeline to the scale of theprevailing timeline as discussed above.

In some embodiments, determining relative importance may comprisecalculating and/or combining a plurality of importance metrics for eachitem including, but not limited to: timeframe scale, timeframecorrelation, item location, item repetition frequency, item content,item type, item quality, item access, item borrows, source of the item,user provided indicator(s), and so on. As discussed above, two or moreof the metrics discussed above may be combined into an “importance”metric of an item. In some embodiments, the combination may compriseapplying different respective weights to each of the metrics.

At step 1050, the method 1000 may determine whether the number of itemsidentified at step 1030 exceeds an item threshold and/or whether theimportance metric of any of the identified items fails to satisfy arelevance/importance threshold. If so, the flow may continue to step1060; otherwise, the flow may continue to step 1070.

At step 1060, items may be removed from the result set until the resultset satisfies the item threshold. The items may be removed in “reverse”order of their relative importance or relevance, such that the itemshaving the lowest value or score are removed first. In addition, anyitems that fail to satisfy the importance metric may be removed. In someembodiments, step 1060 employs the spectral partitioning techniquesdescribed above, in which stories are partitioned based upon theirspatial relationship to the intersection criteria. Stories are selectedfor inclusion in the intersection space based upon partition membership.For example, stories in the closest “N” partitions may be included,while stories in other partitions are excluded.

At step 1070, the remaining items may be provided to a user in aninterface. The items may be presented by their relative importance; moreimportant items may be displayed more prominently than less importantitems (e.g., at the head of an item list, in a larger/bolder font, orthe like).

In some embodiments, the intersection space of a set of intersectioncriteria is filtered to remove “outlying” results. The filtering may bedetermined dynamically from the intersection criteria itself. Forexample, minimum and maximum area values may be calculated from theintersection criteria. Equation 3 provides exemplary mechanisms forcalculating a minimum area (area_(min)) value and a maximum area(area_(max)) value:

$\begin{matrix}{{{{area}_{\min}(q)} = {\min\left\lbrack {\frac{{{area}(q)}^{1.447}}{1.88 \cdot 10^{6}},{1.02 \cdot 10^{11}}} \right\rbrack}}{{{area}_{\max}(q)} = {\min\left\lfloor {{{{area}(q)}^{1.447} \cdot 1.88 \cdot 10^{6}},{1.5 \cdot {{area}(q)}}} \right\rfloor}}} & {{Eq}.\mspace{14mu} 3}\end{matrix}$

In Equation 3, q represents location intersection criteria, and area(q)represents the area of the location intersection criteria. The constantvalues of Equation 3 and 4 have been determined by testing andexperience. The disclosure is not limited in this regard, however, andcould be adapted to use different constant values and/or differenttechniques for calculating area_(min) and/or area_(max) values.Similarly, Equation 3 (and 4 discussed below) could be adapted for othercoordinate systems, intersection criteria, or the like.

The intersection space may be filtered using the minimum and maximumarea values per Equation 4:IS(q)={s|area(s)>area_(min)(q),area(s)<area_(max)(q)}  Eq. 4

In Equation 3, the intersection space of a query, IS(q), includes astory, s, when the area of the story, area(s), is greater thanarea_(min)(q) value and less than area_(max)(q) value.

In some embodiments, the filtering of Equation 3 is iterative and/ordynamic based upon a sufficiency threshold or other metric. For example,the sufficiency threshold may be initially set to fifty (50) stories. Ifthe filtering of Equation 3 results in fewer than fifty stories, thearea_(min) value may be iteratively lowered until the sufficiencythreshold is met and/or the area_(min) value goes to zero.Alternatively, or in addition, the area_(max) value may be similarlymodified.

FIG. 10B is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method 1001 foridentifying an intersection space using minimum and maximum areaparameters. At steps 1011, 1021, and 1031, the method 1001 starts and isinitialized, receives intersection criteria (a query), and identifies aset of intersecting stories as described above.

At step 1035, the intersecting stories are filtered using minimum andmaximum area parameters. Step 1035 comprises calculating area_(min) andarea_(max) parameters for the intersection criteria as described above.Step 1035 further comprises calculating the area (or accessing apre-calculated area) of the stories identified at step 1031. Storieshaving an area less than area_(min) or greater than area_(max) may befiltered from the intersection space.

Alternatively, or in addition, the intersecting stories may be filteredusing a spectral partitioning technique. As described above inconjunction with Equation 2 and FIG. 8C, spectral partitioning maycomprise partitioning stories in the intersection space into respectivepartitions using a distance matrix. Stories are then filtered based upontheir partition membership. Story partitions may be included or excludedas a whole. Stories in partitions that are closer to the intersectioncriteria may be retained in the intersection space, whereas stories inother partitions are filtered. The number of partitions included in theintersection space may be based upon the sufficiency threshold of step1041 (e.g., enough to satisfy the threshold), a maximum story threshold(e.g., threshold of step 1050 in FIG. 10A), or another metric.

At step 1041, the method 1001 determines whether the filteredintersection comprises a sufficient number of stories (e.g., based on asufficiency threshold, such as the sufficiency threshold of step 1042 asdescribed below in conjunction with FIG. 100). If so, the flow continuesto step 1071; otherwise, the flow continues to step 1061.

At step 1061, the filter parameters (e.g., area_(min) and area_(max))are modified to increase the number of stories in the filteredintersection space. The modifications of step 1061 may compriseincreasing area_(min) and/or decreasing area_(max). The modified filterparameters are then used at step 1035 to filter the intersection spaceof step 1031.

At step 1071, and when a sufficient number of filtered, intersectingstories are identified, the intersecting stories are presented to a userin an intersection interface. The stories may be ordered relative to oneanother according to relative importance and/or relevance as describedabove.

Although examples of filtering based upon location are described herein,the disclosure is not limited in this regard and could be adapted tofilter an intersection space using other types of intersection criteria,such as timeframe (e.g., minimum and/or maximum timeframe), and so on.

FIG. 10C is a flow diagram of another embodiment of a method 1002 foridentifying intersections using intersection criteria. At steps 1012,1022, and 1032, the method 1002 starts and is initialized, receivesintersection criteria, and identifies stories that intersect with thecriteria as described above.

In some embodiments, step 1032 identifies intersecting stories usingpre-determined story index information. The story index may indexstories by location, timeframe, or other intersection criteria (e.g.,participants, interested persons, descriptive tags, etc.). The storiesmay be indexed when submitted to the network-accessible service or atanother time (e.g., on a periodic schedule, during low-load conditions,etc.). The indexing information may be used to efficiently identifystories for inclusion in the intersection space, determine relativestory importance, filter stories (e.g., based upon relative importance,scale, or the like), and so on. In some embodiments, the story indexpartitions stories by location, timeframe, location scale, timeframescale, or the like, as described above.

At step 1042, the set of intersecting stories identified at step 1032 iscompared to a sufficiency threshold. The sufficiency thresholddetermines the minimum number of stories for an intersection space. Thesufficiency threshold may be a single story (e.g., one) or some otherpre-determined value (e.g., fifty stories).

In some embodiments, the sufficiency threshold of step 1042 isdetermined dynamically from the intersection criteria of step 1022and/or the metadata associated with the intersecting stories identifiedat step 1032. Accordingly, step 1042 may comprise determining and/orcalculating a dynamic sufficiency threshold value. The dynamicsufficiency threshold of step 1042 may be determined according to thegranularity of the intersection criteria and/or the “density” of theintersecting stories. For example, an intersection criteria that isdefined broadly (e.g., large location footprint and/or broad prevailingtime) and/or is defined within a “dense” area of potentiallyintersecting stories may indicate that the user is interested in a largenumber of stories and, as such, the sufficiency criteria may be set to ahigh value (e.g., fifty to one hundred stories). In other examples, thesufficiency criteria may be set to a low value in accordance withnarrowly defined intersection criteria (e.g., narrow location footprintand/or timeframe) and/or is defined within a “sparse” area ofpotentially intersecting stories.

If the intersecting stories identified at step 1032 satisfy thesufficiency threshold at step 1042, the flow continues to step 1072;otherwise, the flow continues to step 1052.

At step 1052, the intersection criteria is modified to increase thenumber of intersecting stories. The modification of step 1052 maycomprise incrementally broadening the intersection criteria of step 1022(e.g., applying a scaling factor to time and/or location intersectioncriteria). In some embodiments, the modification maintains the “center”of location and/or time intersection criteria, while expanding the“extent” of the criteria. For example, scaling a prevailing timeframespanning one (1) hour (e.g., timeframe from 2 PM to 3 PM on May 2, 2001)by a factor of two (2) results in a timeframe spanning two (2) hours(e.g., from 1:30 PM to 3:30 PM on May 2, 2001). Similar scalingoperations may be applied to other intersection criteria (e.g.,modifying a location “bounding box” or area radius), expandingparticipating persons using social connections, expanding metadata tagand/or rating criteria, and so on.

In some embodiments, the modifications of step 1052 may be adaptedaccording to the intersection criteria and/or underlying intersectionspace. For example, if the intersection space is dense with respect tothe intersection criteria, the scaling factors (or other modifications)of step 1052 may be relatively small to avoid the case where themodified intersection criteria returns too many results (e.g., more thanthe threshold of step 1050 of FIG. 10A). Modifications in a sparseintersection space may be larger to satisfy the sufficiency threshold.

The modifications to the scaling factors of step 1052 may beintersection-criteria dependent. For example, the location density ofthe intersection space may exceed the timeframe density of theintersection space (e.g., stories are dense with respect to location,but not to time). In this case, the modifications to locationintersection criteria may be relatively small as compared to themodifications to the timeframe criteria.

In some embodiments, the modifications of step 1052 are calculated usingan iterative expansion of the intersection criteria. At each iteration,the intersection criteria is recursively expanded until a sufficientnumber of stories are found and/or an iteration limit is reached. Insome embodiments, the expansion factor is proportional to theintersection criteria. Equation 5 is an example of an iterativeexpansion of location and timeframe intersection criteria:f _(l)(q _(i))=max└3.70514−0.45368·log₁₀(√{square root over (area(q_(i)))}),1.2┘f _(t)(q _(i))=max[2.853−0.2·log₁₀(duration(q _(i)),1.1]  Eq. 5

In Equation 5, q_(i) represents the intersection criteria (query). The inotation indicates the current iteration of the intersection criteria(since the expansion is recursive, each iteration operates on theintersection criteria as modified in the previous interaction). Thearea(q_(i)) represents a function that calculates the area of thelocation intersection criteria, and the duration(q_(i)) represents afunction that calculates the duration of a timeframe of the intersectioncriteria. The constant values in Equation 5 were selected by testing andexperience. The modified intersection parameters are calculated byapplying the scaling factors per Equation 6:q _(l,i+1) =f _(l)(q _(i))·q _(i)  Eq. 6q _(t,i+1) =f _(t)(q _(i))·q _(i)

In Equation 6, q_(l,i+1) represents expanded location intersectioncriteria, and q_(t,i+1) represents expanded timeframe criteria. Themodified intersection criteria calculated at step 1052 (e.g., q_(l,i+1)and q_(t,i+1)) is used to identify intersecting stories at step 1032.

Although examples of modifications to timeframe, location, and/or“social” intersection criteria are described herein, the disclosure isnot limited in this regard and could be adapted to modify other types ofintersection criteria, such as metadata tags (e.g., to include relatedtags), rating metadata, and so on.

The intersection criteria modified at step 1052 is used to identify anew set of intersecting stories at step 1032, and the flow continues tostep 1042 as described above. In some embodiments, the method 1002iterates over steps 1032, 1042, and 1052 until the sufficiency thresholdof step 1042 is satisfied and/or an iteration threshold is met.

At step 1072, and when the sufficiency threshold is satisfied, theintersecting stories are presented to a user in an intersectioninterface. The stories may be ordered relative to one another accordingto relative importance and/or relevance as described above.

Although not depicted in FIG. 10C, in some embodiments, the method 1002includes a threshold comparison step, such as step 1050 of FIG. 10A thatlimits the maximum number of intersecting stories presented at step 1072and/or a filtering step, such as step 1035 of FIG. 10B. Moreover, stepsof the methods 1000, 1001, and/or 1002 may be combined to generate anintersection space that includes a maximum story limit (as in method1000), one or more filtering parameters (as in method 1001) and/or thesufficiency threshold of method 1002.

FIG. 10D is a flow diagram of another embodiment of a method foridentifying intersecting stories and determining the relative relevanceof stories in an intersection space. At steps 1013, 1023, and 1033, themethod starts and is initialized, receives intersection criteria, andidentifies intersecting stories as described above.

At step 1037, the relative importance of each story in the intersectionspace is determined. The relative importance of the stories may becalculated using the location and/or timeframe comparisons describedabove. In some embodiments, the comparison comprises partitioning thestories using the spectral partitioning techniques described above inconjunction with Equation 2 and FIG. 8C.

Step 1043 comprises determining whether the intersection space satisfiesone or more thresholds. The thresholds may include a sufficiencythreshold defining a “minimum” number of stories to be included in theintersection space and/or a maximum threshold defining a maximum numberof stories to be included in the intersection space. Step 1043 mayfurther comprise an iteration threshold that limits the iterations ofthe modifying steps and/or filtering steps 1053 and 1063.

If step 1043 indicates that the thresholds are satisfied and/or theiteration threshold has been reached, the flow continues to step 1073.If step 1043 indicates that the intersection space does not satisfy asufficiency threshold (comprises too few stories), the flow continues tostep 1053. If step 1043 indicates that the intersection space does notsatisfy a maximum story threshold (includes too many stories), the flowcontinues to step 1063.

At step 1053, the intersection criteria is modified as described above(e.g., using a scaling factor). The modification of step 1053 maycomprise “expanding” the intersection criteria to include “nearbystories” in the intersection space. A “nearby story” is a story thatdoes not technically intersect with the intersection criteria, but maybe still be relevant (e.g., has intersection metadata that is “similar”or “close” to the intersection criteria). The modification of step 1053may comprise scaling the intersection criteria using proportionalscaling factors as described above in conjunction with FIG. 10C and/orEquations 5 and 6 described above. Upon modifying the intersectioncriteria, the flow continues to step 1033 where the modifiedintersection criteria is used to identify a broader intersection spaceand proceeds as described above.

At step 1063, the intersection space is refined to remove storiestherefrom. Step 1063 may comprise removing stories in order of theirrelative importance as in step 1060 of FIG. 10A. Alternatively, or inaddition, step 1063 may comprise filtering the intersection space usingone or more filtering criteria (e.g., minimum area, maximum area, etc.).Step 1063 may further comprise partitioning the stories using a spectralpartitioning technique. Accordingly, at step 1063, the stories in theintersection space are partitioned (e.g., using a distance matrix perEquation 2), the closest partitions are identified, and one or morepartitions are selected for inclusion in the intersection space.

The intersection space refined at step 1063 and/or broaden through themodification of the intersection criteria at step 1053 may be evaluatedat step 1043 to determine whether the intersection space satisfies thethresholds as described above. If the intersection space includes toomany stories, the intersection may be further refined at step 1063. Ifthe intersection space does not satisfy the sufficiency threshold, therefinements of step 1063 may be modified as described above inconjunction with step 1061 of FIG. 10B and/or the intersection criteriamay be modified at step 1053.

When the intersection space satisfies the thresholds and/or an iterationthreshold is reached, the flow continues to step 1073 where theintersection space is presented to a user. Step 1073 may furthercomprise ordering and/or highlighting stories by order of importance asdetermined at step 1037.

As discussed above, stories in an intersection space may be ordered byrelative importance. The importance of a story may quantify the degreeto which the intersection metadata of the story corresponds to theintersection criteria. More important stories may be prominentlydisplayed in the intersection space. In addition to prominentlydisplaying important stories in a set of results, important stories oritems may be prominently displayed on a timeframe control, such as thetimeframe controls 510 of FIGS. 5A and 5B. In addition, a timeframecontrol may be configured to display a “dynamic timeframe.” A dynamictimeframe may display different time granularities depending upon thenumber of intersecting items therein. For example, if a particularthree-year time span includes only a few items, the time span may be“constricted” in that area to conserve display space. Conversely, if aparticular time span includes many relevant items, that time span may bedilated in the display area in order to better depict the items. In someembodiments, the areas of time constriction and/or time dilation may bepresented in different ways to indicate to the user that a change to thetime scale has been made (e.g., the background of the region(s) may bemodified).

FIG. 11A depicts one example of a timeframe control 1100. The control1100 may be displayed in an interface, such as the interfaces 500 and/or503 discussed above. The control 1100 may comprise a timeframe display(timeline) 1110, which may span a particular time segment. The time spanof the chronology display 1100 may be determined using zoom controls1114. Zooming in may cause the display 1110 to display a morefinely-grained timeframe. When fully “zoomed-in,” the timeframe display1110 may comprise the seconds of a single minute (e.g., the chronologydisplay 1100 may have a start time 1111 of Jul. 4, 2008, at 11:23:35 AMand an end time 1113 of Jul. 4, 2008, at 11:24:35 AM). The interveningchronological scale may be regularly segmented by seconds or portions ofseconds. When “zoomed-out,” the timeframe display 1110 may comprise atime span covering months, years, decades, or beyond.

The timeframe control 1100 may include a timeframe selector 1112 that isused to select a timeframe of interest (a prevailing timeframe). As thetimeframe of interest changes (e.g., as the timeframe control 1100and/or timeframe selector 1112 are manipulated to select differentprevailing timeframes), the stories included in the resultingintersection space may change. Referring to FIGS. 5A and/or 5B, thesechanges may cause a different set of stories to be included in theregion 530 and/or different metadata to be displayed in the elements540, 542, 544, 546, 548, 550, and so on, as described above.

The timeframe display 1110 may be labeled with a time scale. Asdiscussed above, when “zoomed in,” the labels 1120 a and 1120 b on thetimeframe display 1110 may be expressed as minutes within a particularhour (e.g., label 1120 a may read 11 AM, and label 1120 b may read “:28”indicating the 28th minute of 11 AM). At other levels of granularity,the labels 1120 a and 1120 b may reflect a different time scale. Forexample, the timeframe display 1110 may span the hours of a day, and thelabels 1120 a and 1120 b may read “Jul. 12, 2008” and “3 PM,”respectively. When the timeframe display 1110 spans one or more months,the labels 1120 a and 1120 b may read “July 2009” and “16,”respectively. When the timeframe display 1110 spans one or more years,the labels 1120 a and 1120 b may read “2009” and “Nov,” respectively.When the timeframe display 1110 spans one or more decades, the labels1120 a and 1120 b may read “2000s” and “2009,” respectively. Although aparticular set of timeframe ranges (time spans) and respective labels1120 a and 1120 b are disclosed herein, the timeframe control is notlimited in this regard and could be adapted to display any time spanusing any type of labeling known in the art. Moreover, other timeframecontrols, such a calendar control or the like could be used under theteachings of this disclosure. The timeframe controls may reference anabsolute timeframe, a “virtual timeframe,” a relative timeframe (e.g.,years since the contributor's birth, where the birth year is notdefined), or the like.

A user may move the timeframe display 1110 in time by directlymanipulating the display 1110 (e.g., clicking and/or sliding the display1110), using the zoom controls 1114 to change the time span or scale ofthe control 1110, and/or using browse controls 1116 a and 1116 b toshift the control 1100 forward or backward in time. On a touch screen,gestures and touches may be used to give user input to the timeframedisplay. A keyboard can be used as well. For example, in one embodimentthe Left and Right keys scroll time backwards and forwards,respectively, and the Up and Down keys expand and contract the durationof time displayed. Likewise, holding the Shift key may cause a selectedregion to expand rather than change in response to a command thatotherwise would change the prevailing time.

The timeframe control 1110 may include a “story indicator” region 1130,which may comprise indications 1132 of where particular items (e.g.,stories) fall within the timeframe of the timeframe control 1110.Accordingly, the story indication region 1130 may be “tied to” thetimeframe control 1110, such that the timescale and/or range displayedin the timeframe control 1110 corresponds to the chronology of the storyindications 1132. The timeframe range on the display 1110 at which aparticular story indication 1134 is shown indicates the timeframe of theitem (e.g., the indicator 1134 may correspond to a story having atimeframe comprising the time indicated by the labels 1120 a and 1120b).

In some embodiments, the story indication region 1130 may comprise a“heat” or “density” map. As used herein, a “heat map” may refer to amodification of regions within a timeframe control or story indicationregion 1130 to indicate the quality of the items therein. For example,the items within the region 1140 of the story indication region 1130 maybe highly rated (as determined by user-submitted ratings or anotherratings source). The appearance of the intersection indications in theregion 1140 (or a background area of the region 1140) may be modified toindicate that the region 1140 comprises “hot” content (e.g., modified tohave a brightly colored background). The appearance of regions (e.g.,region 1142) that comprise poorly-rated content may be modified toappear “cool” (e.g., modified to have a darker background).

As used herein, a “density map” may be used to indicate the relativedensity of intersecting items within a particular time span in thetimeframe display 1110. In some cases, the scale of the timeframedisplay 1110 may be such that the display intersects with a large numberof items. There may be so many intersecting items that it may beimpractical to show indicators 1132 for each one. Therefore, in certainportions of the story indicator region 1130, a density map may replaceindividual story indicators 1132, or may be displayed along with aplurality of story indicators 1132; where it is not practical to displayeach indicator, a single indicator may be used to represent a pluralityof intersecting items. Like the “heat” indicators discussed above, adensity may change the appearance of certain regions of the timeframedisplay 1110 and/or story indication region 1130 according to therelative density of intersecting items therein. Regions comprising moreintersections may be displayed in “hot” colors, whereas regionscomprising fewer intersections may be displayed in “cooler” colors. Insome cases, the timeframe range and/or story indication region 1130 maybe displayed concurrently (on different portions of the timeframedisplay 1110 and/or story indication region 1130). Alternatively, or inaddition, the “heat” and “density” maps may be displayed in differentways, the heat indicator may modify the appearance of the storyindicators 1132, and the density map may modify a background of thestory indication region 1130 or timeline display 1110.

As illustrated in the description of a density map, chronological Itemsmay not be uniformly distributed in time. Certain regions of a timeframemay include many items, whereas other regions may include only a few (ornone). For example, a contributor may primarily contribute stories abouthis/her summer vacations. Accordingly, the summer months of a timelinemay be tightly packed with intersecting items, whereas other times arevirtually empty. When viewing this contributor's items within amulti-year timeframe, it may be difficult to distinguish individualitems due to this temporal clustering (the story indications 1132 may betightly clustered in certain regions of the story indication region 1130while other regions are empty). In some embodiments, the timeframecontrol 1100 may comprise a dynamic timescale adapted to account fordisparity in item time distribution.

FIG. 11B depicts one example of a timeframe control 1101 having adynamic time scale. As illustrated in FIG. 11A, the timeframe regions1150 and 1156 comprise a coarser time scale than the regions 1152 and1154; the region 1150 and 1156 each span ten months, whereas the regions1152 and 1154 each span a single month. The difference in scale may beautomatically determined based upon the time distribution of the storyindications 1132 in the timeframe 1110 (as shown in FIG. 11B, many itemsintersect with the months of July and August, while the other ten-monthspans each intersect with only a single item). Displaying differenttimeframes in different regions may allow a user browsing the control abetter depiction of item distribution; without the differing scale, theitem indicators within the July and August regions 1152 and 1154 mayappear as a single “blob.” In some embodiments, the distribution ofitems within a timeframe may be automatically evaluated to identify“sparse” timeframes and “dense” timeframes. Sparse timeframes arecandidates for compression, whereas dense timeframes are candidates fordilation. Under certain conditions, one or more sparse timeframes may becompressed in order to allow for one or more dense timeframes to beexpanded.

As discussed above, some items (such as stories or the like) may beordered by relative importance. See methods 700 and 800 above. Therelative importance of an item may be determined empirically bycomparing the item or item metadata (e.g., story timeframe, location,etc.) to intersection criteria, such as a prevailing timeframe asdisplayed by a timeframe control 1100. The comparison may furthercomprise comparing item properties, such as quality, access count andthe like. Alternatively, or in addition, item importance may bespecified by the item contributor. For example, the contributor may markan item as “critical,” “life changing.” These events may be classifiedas “milestones” or “marker events.”

Marker events may be used to indicate life-altering, watershed eventsthat may have a permanent effect on the contributor's life. Examples ofmarker events may include, but are not limited to: marriage, barmitzvah, a first trip out of the country, childbirth, graduation, andthe like. A marker event may relate to something that, having happened,remains true for the remainder of the contributor's lifetime. Sincemarker events may be defined by the contributor, they may relate tovirtually any experience. For example, tasting gelato for the first timefor many people may not be particularly significant, but for some people(e.g., a chef) may represent a life-changing moment (e.g., the momentthe contributor decided to become a chef). Marker events may be embodiedas a story. A story may be identified as a marker event in acontribution interface, such as the interface 100 of FIG. 1A (e.g.,using importance input 134 and/or selecting a “marker event” story typein input 124). In some embodiments, the relative importance of itemsdisplayed in the timeline control may be used to select a dynamic timescale as described above. For example, important items may be weightedmore heavily when determining whether to compress or dilate a particulartime region.

Marker events may be prominently displayed within a chronology, such asthe timeframe controls 1100 and/or 1101 described above. FIG. 11Cdepicts one example of a timeframe control 1102 configured to displayitems of varying relative importance. The appearance of the storyindicators 1132 in the story indicator region 1130 may be modified toreflect the relative importance of the items represented thereby. Insome embodiments, a height or size of the indicators 1132 may indicatetheir importance. The indicator 1133 may represent a relativelyimportant item and, as such, may be more prominently displayed (e.g.,may be taller than other, less important indicators 1132).Alternatively, or in addition, the indicator 1133 may be displayed in adifferent color or width. The indicators 1132 of less important itemsmay be displayed less prominently. For example, the indicator 1134 maycorrespond to a relatively unimportant item and, as such, may be shorter(or of a less prominent color) than other indicators 1132. As discussedabove, item importance may be determined based upon a prevailingtimeframe. Accordingly, as the timeframe control 1100 is manipulated(e.g., to change the time scale, move within the chronology, or thelike), the relative importance of the items may change, causing acorresponding change to the indicators 1132.

Indicators 1132 of the most important items (e.g., marker events) may bedisplayed prominently. The indicator 1135 may represent a marker event.In some embodiments, the indicator 1135 may be selectable and/or maycomprise a selectable area 1136 which, when selected or hovered over bya cursor, may cause an additional display element 1137 to appear. Thedisplay element 1137 may display a link badge of the marker event story,may provide a short description of the marker event, or the like.

FIG. 12 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method 1200 fordisplaying a timeframe control, such as the timeframe controls 510and/or 1100 disclosed above.

At step 1210, the method 1200 may start and be initialized as describedabove. At step 1220, a request for a timeframe control may be received.The request may be issued responsive to a user interaction with aninterface, such as the interface 500 and/or 503 of FIGS. 5A and 5B. Insome embodiments, the request may include a timeframe of interest (therequest may indicate that the timeframe control is to display atimeframe having a particular start time and a particular end time).Alternatively, or in addition, the timeframe of interest may be receivedresponsive to user manipulation of a timeframe control (responsive tothe user manipulating zoom controls, browse controls, or the like).

At step 1230, a set of items intersecting with the timeframe to becovered by the timeframe control may be identified. The items may beidentified as described above (e.g., by comparing a timeframe of theitem(s) to the timeframe of the timeframe control).

At step 1240, a time distribution of the identified items may beevaluated to identify “sparse” regions and/or “dense” regions. In someembodiments, step 1240 may comprise evaluating ratings of the identifieditems. As discussed above, item ratings may be used to mark “hot” or“cold” areas on a timeline control.

At step 1250, the method 1200 may determine whether a time scale of thecontrol should be altered. In some embodiments, the determination ofstep 1250 may comprise determining whether the “sparse” regionsidentified at step 1240 are sufficiently sparse that compression wouldnot render them unsuitable for use. The determination may comprisecalculating a “compression threshold,” which may be based upon thenumber of items in the sparse region(s) to a desired level ofcompression. The compression threshold may indicate how much aparticular region may be compressed before item density becomes toogreat (e.g., item density may not exceed a particular compressionthreshold). Step 1250 may further comprise calculating a “dilationthreshold” for dense regions, which may quantify how much dilation wouldbe required to reach a desired item density. The threshold(s) may becompared to determine whether changing the time scale would result in anet benefit (e.g., improve the dense regions by dilation while notrendering the sparse regions unusable as a result of excesscompression). The comparison may comprise comparing the compressionthreshold to the dilation threshold of various regions. If neitherthreshold can be satisfied, the time span may be unchanged or theapproach representing the “best” result may be selected. The best resultmay be the result that provides some improvement to the sparse regions(but not reaching a dilation threshold) while minimizing adverse effectson the compressed regions (while perhaps exceeding a compressionthreshold). In some embodiments, the relative importance of the items isused to weight the thresholds and/or to determine whether to modify thetime scale. For example, the dilation threshold of a region comprisingimportant items may be increased to ensure that the indicators for theseimportant items are adequately displayed (perhaps to the detriment ofother, less important indicators). Similarly, the compression thresholdof a region comprising important (e.g., a marker event) may be increasedto prevent the region from being compressed in favor of other, lessimportant item indicators.

If the method 1200 determines that the timescale is to be modified, theflow may continue to step 1260; otherwise, the flow may continue to step1270.

At step 1260, a dynamic timescale for the timeframe control may bedetermined. As discussed above, the dynamic timescale may compresssparse regions of the timeframe and dilate dense regions. The degree towhich each region is compressed or dilated may be based on thecompression/dilation thresholds described above.

At step 1270, a timeframe control may be provided for presentation to auser. Step 1270 may comprise providing a timeframe directive to acontrol (including a dynamic time span), providing item indicators fordisplay on the control, and so on. Step 1270 may further comprisedetermining whether to display intersecting items as individualindicators, or in some other way, such as composite indicators, densityregions or the like. For example, if all of the regions are consideredto “dense” (exceed a dilation threshold), and there are no sparseregions to compress, the method may consolidate item indicators intocomposite indicators and/or depict intersecting items within “densityregions” discussed above.

Step 1270 may further comprise marking regions by rating and/or bydensity. In some embodiments, item ratings (evaluated at step 1240) maybe used to mark certain regions of the timeframe control as “hot” and/or“cold.” Marking a region may comprise directing a display component tomodify an appearance of one or more display components (e.g., modify thebackground color of a region of the story indication region 1130 of FIG.11A). Region density may be similarly marked.

As discussed above, a contributor may submit content (such as stories)to a network-accessible service (e.g., website), where they may bestored and made available to other users. The contributor may establisha profile, which may comprise information describing the user, and mayinclude such information as profile avatar (e.g., graphical image, suchas a photo representing the user), contact information, citizenship,residency, age (birthday), marital status, preferences (musical,artistic, etc.), and so on.

In some embodiments, and as discussed above in conjunction with FIG. 5B,user profile information may be tied to a chronology. Accordingly, auser profile may include multiple copies of a particular attribute, eachassociated with a different respective timeframe. For example, themarital status of a user may be “single” until Nov. 3, 2003, be“married” from Nov. 4, 2003, to Dec. 1, 2009, and be “divorced” fromDecember 2 onward. Other user profile attributes may change over time.For example, a user profile may comprise a plurality of profile images,each graphically representing the user during a different timeframe. Theimages may be photos taken at different times in the user's life (e.g.,me at 20, at 22, at 30, at 45, and so on). User preferences, such as“favorite movie,” “musical genre,” and the like may be tied toparticular timeframes. In some embodiments, as new preferences areentered, the old preferences replaced thereby are automatically assignedan end time, and the new preference is automatically assigned a starttime. These time values may be the time the new preference was received,or some other, user-defined time. Similarly, user profile informationthat is determined by the other users (e.g., contributor ratings, etc.)may be tied to a timeframe; changes in a contributor's ratings over timemay indicate that the user's content is improving. Although a particularset of user profile attributes are discussed herein, it would beappreciated by one of skill in the art that the teachings of thisdisclosure could be applied to any type of profile information. As such,this disclosure should not be read as limited to any particular set ofprofile attributes.

FIG. 13 depicts one embodiment of an interface for authoring userprofile information. The interface 1300 may be provided by anetwork-accessible service (e.g., website) for display on a computingdevice. In some embodiments, the interface 1300 may be provided in abrowser-renderable format, such as Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) orthe like. Accordingly, the interface 1300 may be displayed within awindow 1302 of a browser application 1301. Alternatively, or inaddition, the interface 1300 may be adapted for display in a stand-aloneapplication, as a plug-in to another application, or the like.

The interface 1300 may include one or more profile edit controls 1320,each comprising a respective timeframe control 1310 and input 1324. Theedit control 1320 may specify which profile attribute is to be editedthereby (e.g., indicate that the control 1320 edits the “marital status”user profile attribute). Alternatively, or in addition, the edit control1320 may comprise a profile selection input 1321 to allow the user toselect different profile attributes for editing.

The input 1324 may be configured to receive user profile informationentered by the user. The input 1324 may be configured to receive text,graphical images, video, audio, multimedia content, and the like. Likethe timeframe controls described above (timeframe controls 510 of FIGS.5A and 5B), the timeframe control 1310 may be used to select aparticular timeframe 1312 (and/or may include zoom, and/or browsecontrols, and the like). The selected timeframe 1312 may indicate thetimeframe during which the profile attribute entered in the input 1324is valid. The control may include a “save” input 1326 and/or a “cancel”input 1328. The save input 1326 may cause the timeframe 1312 and profileattribute value entered via the input 1324 to be submitted to and/orstored at the network-accessible service (e.g., website) and included inthe user's profile. The cancel input 1328 may discard the contents ofthe control 1320. In some embodiments, the profile edit control 1320 mayinclude an access control input 1322, which may be used to specify whichusers are allowed to access the user profile information.

In some embodiments, the control 1320 may include an access controlinput 1330, which may be used to determine which of the user's circlesare to be allowed to view the attribute value (the value entered via1324). The access control input 1330 may include an alias input 1332,which may be used to indicate an alternative “alias” attribute value todisplay to users who do not have access to the attribute value (e.g.,the alias of a marital status attribute value may be “not disclosed”, orthe like).

In one example, wherein the edit control 1320 is used to enter a maritalstatus user profile attribute, a user may select a timeframe 1312spanning his birth date until Nov. 3, 2003, and enter “single” in theinput 1324. The user may then select a different timeframe 1312 (e.g.,spanning Nov. 4, 2002, to Dec. 1, 2009) and enter “married” in the input1324. Finally, the user may enter “divorced” in the input 1324 andspecify an open ended timeframe 1312 beginning on Dec. 2, 2009.

The user may specify other attributes in a similar manner. Eachattribute may be tied to a different respective timeframe (using thetimeframe control 1310 or some other mechanism). Accordingly, the userprofile may comprise multiple copies of the same user profile attribute,each associated with a different timeframe. Accordingly, each userprofile attribute may be stored in connection with a respectivetimeframe (start time and/or end time). User profile information may,therefore, be referenced chronologically and/or by a prevailingtimeframe. In addition, the user profile information may be associatedwith access controls, which may indicate which users are to be allowedto access which attributes (or attribute updates).

For example, in a prevailing timeframe spanning 1998 to 2002, themarital status attribute of the user profile discussed above would be“single.” During a different prevailing time (spanning 1998 to Nov. 2,2003), the marital status may be “married,” and during the prevailingtime spanning 1998 to Nov. 5, 2003, the marital status may be“divorced.” The user may want to hide the fact that he was divorced in2003 from everyone but those in his “family” circle. Therefore, whenentering the “divorced” attribute, the user may specify (via the accesscontrol input 1322) that only his “family” circle is to be allowed tosee the “divorced” attribute. When the prevailing timeframe includesNov. 3, 2003, only the users in the “family” circle may see “divorced,”all other users may continue to see “married.”

As illustrated above, in some embodiments, the selection of whichattribute to display may be based on access controls, or attribute“freshness” (e.g., the latest or most recent value within the prevailingtimeframe may be displayed). In other embodiments, other selectionmechanisms may be used; for instance, the attribute having the most“overlap” with the prevailing timeframe may be displayed.

FIG. 14 is a flow diagram of one embodiment for presenting chronologicaluser profile information. At step 1410, the method 1400 may start and beinitialized as described above. At step 1420, user profile informationmay be received. The user profile information may comprise a pluralityof user profile attributes, each attribute being associated with arespective timeframe.

At step 1420, the received user profile information, comprising the userprofile attributes and respective timeframes may be stored in adatastore, such as a database, directory, or the like. Receiving userprofile information may further comprise generating user profileinformation. For example, a user rating may be generated from aplurality of user-submitted ratings. The user rating may be associatedwith a respective timeframe (e.g., the user's contributor rating was4/10 from Nov. 3, 2008, to Apr. 3, 2009).

At step 1430, a request for user profile information may be received.The request may specify a prevailing timeframe.

At step 1440, user profile information that “intersects” with theprevailing time may be identified. More than one attribute may intersectwith the prevailing time. In some embodiments, the most recently edited(or “freshest”) attribute may be selected. Alternatively, the differentcomparison metric may be used. For example, the attribute having thehighest degree of overlap may be selected.

Step 1440 may comprise evaluating access controls associated with theuser profile attributes. If the user requesting the user profileinformation is not allowed to access a particular attribute, analternative attribute value may be selected (e.g., the next most recentattribute).

At step 1450, the user profile attributes may be returned to requesterfor display in an interface, such as the interface element 562 discussedbelow.

As discussed above, a user profile may comprise one or more profilephotos representing a user (or other graphical representations). In someembodiments, the appearance of a user avatar may change in response tothe user's disposition, preferences, and/or interests. A user may sethis/her disposition manually (e.g., using a user profile authoringinterface, such as the interface 1300 discussed above). Alternatively,or in addition, the user's disposition may be inferred by from thecontent submitted by the user. For example, the network-accessibleservice (e.g., website) may determine that the user is in a “happy”disposition when the user submits stories having a particular themeand/or associated with a particular set of descriptive tags (e.g.,positive tags, such as “fun,” “happy,” “great,” etc.). Comments andother user submissions may indicate the user's disposition. For example,if a significant proportion of content reviews submitted by the user arenegative or contain negative language, the user may be identified asbeing “grumpy” or “sad.”

Other user activities may be evaluated to identify user disposition. Forexample, the time-distribution of the user's contributions to thenetwork-accessible service (e.g., website) may be indicative of whetherthe user is socially active (e.g., a drop off in user contributions mayindicate that the user is becoming withdrawn, whereas an uptick may be asign that the user is more socially active). The timeframe and/orlocation of submitted content may be similarly indicative of userdisposition. For example, timeframe and/or location may indicate thatthe user is on vacation, partying a lot (many stories occurring duringthe late evening hours), or the like.

After determining the user's emotional disposition, the user profileavatar may be updated accordingly; a user identified as “happy” may bedepicted with a user profile photo tagged with happy, or dynamicallymodified to appear happy (e.g., different background, colors, etc.).Similarly, modifications may be made to cause the user's avatar toappear “grumpy” or “sad.” In some embodiments, a user profile maycomprise a plurality of profile avatars, which, as discussed above, mayeach be associated with a respective timeframe. In addition, the profileavatars may be tagged with a disposition (“happy,” “sad,” “grumpy,”etc.). Accordingly, modifying the appearance of the profile avatar maycomprise selecting an appropriately tagged avatar.

In some embodiments, other users may comment on other users'disposition. For example, if a first user were to “flame” a second userin a comment or story, the second user may submit a report indicatingthe first user is “grumpy.” Conversely, if the first user is polite inhis/her comments to the second user, the second user may submit a reportindicating that the first user is “friendly” or “happy.” If multiplereports of similar dispositions for the first user are received (fromdifferent source), the first user may be identified as having thereported disposition.

Other user dispositions (aside from emotional state or attitude) may bedetermined from user-submitted content. For example, the user's currentinterests may be inferred; if the user submits a large number ofsports-related stories, the user may be identified as a “soccer fan.”The user's avatar may then be dynamically updated to indicate thisstatus (e.g., the photo or avatar may include a soccer ball graphic, maybe displayed on a soccer field, or the like). Other preferences, such asmusic preferences, artistic taste, travel affinity, or the like, may besimilarly depicted.

Similarly, user profile attributes (and/or user modeling information,discussed below) may be used to dynamically modify the appearance of auser profile avatar, including an avatar that is a caricature. Examplesof such attributes include height, weight, relationship status, maritalstatus, musical and other preferences, activity, and so on.

FIG. 15 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method for dynamicallymodifying the appearance of a user profile avatar.

At step 1510, the method 1500 may start and be initialized as describedabove. At step 1520, user profile information may be received, which asdiscussed above, may comprise one or more user avatars (or photos), eachassociated with a particular timeframe and/or tagged with a particulardisposition. At step 1520, the avatars may be stored on a datastore inassociation with user profile information for the user.

At step 1530, user-submitted content may be received. The user-submittedcontent may comprise user-contributed stories, photographs, comments,tags, and the like. In some embodiments, step 1530 may comprisereceiving an explicit disposition indicator from the user himself.Similarly, step 1530 may comprise receiving reports on the user'sdisposition from other users.

At step 1540, the content received at step 1530 may be evaluated toidentify a user disposition. The user disposition may refer to anemotional state of the user and/or current user preferences orinterests. The identified user disposition may be determined bycombining inferences obtained from user-submitted content,user-indicator of his/her disposition, user profile and/or modelinginformation, and/or reports from other users. Each of these sources maybe assigned a relative weight and combined to determine an overall userdisposition.

Step 1540 may further comprise identifying user interest or preferencedispositions. As discussed above, user interests and preferences may beidentified by searching for commonly used descriptive tags and/or othercontent submitted by the user, such as user profile information, usermodeling information, and the like.

At step 1550, a user avatar may be selected and/or modified to reflectthe user disposition identified at step 1540. In some embodiments, anavatar may be selected from a plurality of avatars, each tagged with aparticular disposition. If the user has a single avatar, the avatar maybe modified to reflect the user disposition. The modifications maycomprise modifying the color content of the avatar, modifying anappearance of the avatar (brightness, contrast, saturation, etc.)changing a background of the avatar, or the like.

Step 1550 may further comprise adding user interest and/or preferenceindicators to the avatar. These indicators may comprise overlays,labels, or other display elements included on or around the user'savatar. For example, if the user has shown an interest in travel toParis, the avatar may include the Eiffel tower (or other prominentlandmark) in the background. A user who has indicated an interest in aparticular sport or activity may be depicted with an associated item(e.g., a soccer ball, boat, paintbrush, hiking boots, or the like). Theuser avatar may be modified account to any number of different userdispositions, interests, and/or properties. For example, if the user hasrecently lost weight (as indicated by his/her user profile), the avatarmay be “thinned.” If the user is married, the avatar may be shown with awedding band, if the user has identified a favorite movie, the avatarmay be updated with assets from the movie, and so on. Changing theprevailing timeframe has the potential to change the configuration andattributes of the avatar, reflecting the evolving condition of the userbeing represented.

At step 1560, the avatar selected and/or modified at step 1550 may bemade available to other users of the network-accessible service (e.g.,website). The avatar may be made available in a user profile displayelement (e.g., display element 562 of FIG. 5B), in an “about me” pageprovided by the website, or the like.

As discussed above, access controls may be applied to user-submittedcontent to control which users are able to access the content. Accesscontrols may be specified with respect to one or more user-definedcircles. A circle may comprise a set of one or more users with which theuser has a particular relationship. A “family” circle may comprise theuser's family members in the user community of the network-accessibleservice (e.g., website), a “friends” circle may comprise the user'sfriends, a “co-workers” circle may comprise the user's co-workers, a“Facebook Friends” circle may comprise a user's “friends” on FACEBOOK®,and so on. Alternatively, or in addition, a circle may be associatedwith people who are invited to view a story or a storyline, theinvitation taking any number of forms, those forms including a link tothe story or storyline that confers temporary or permanent membership ina circle or rights equivalent or nearly equivalent to membership, and soon. Any number of different circles defining any number of differentlevels of trust and/or relationships may be defined. In someembodiments, a user may be added to two or more circles (e.g., aco-worker may also be a friend). A user may change circle membership atany time.

Access controls may be applied to any type of content submitted by acontributor including, but not limited to: story content, storymetadata, user comments, user profile information, and the like. In someembodiments, access controls may be applied chronologically. Forexample, a user may be a “friend” for a pre-determined timeframe (e.g.,from Dec. 2, 1998, to Jan. 4, 2004); the user may have access to“friend” content that falls within the “friend timeframe.” The user maynot be allowed to access content marked for access by “friends” thatfalls outside of the friend timeframe (or extends before or after thefriend timeframe).

In some embodiments, access controls may be applied chronologically;such that a particular set of access controls may apply to alluser-submitted content pertaining to a particular timeframe. Some usersmay not want certain periods of their life to be revealed to the public.For example, a high-school student may want to hide their embarrassingelementary school years from view; a partner in a second marriage maywant to make private the years of the first marriage (and their statusduring that time). A college student-job seeker may want to obscure allbut their current life activities, and so on. An access control policyof this type may apply the same set of access controls to user-submittedcontent pertaining to a specified (e.g., Jan. 1, 1976 to Jun. 30, 1980).In some embodiments, these chronological access controls may be set as“defaults” on individual stories, which the contributor may selectivelymodify on an item-by-item basis. Alternatively, the chronological accesscontrol may be implemented as an additional access control “layer,”which may be applied in addition to other access controls.

As discussed above, aliases may be used to control access to personal orprivate information. Locations may be protected by an alias; the user'shome address may be assigned an alias of “home.” Timeframes may besimilarly aliased; the user's high school graduation date may be aliasedas “graduation” or “senior year.” Similarly, the contributor's name(e.g., user name) may assigned an alias. In some embodiments, an aliasmay be tied an underlying piece of “actual” data. For example, the “homeaddress” alias may be tied to the actual location of the user's home;the “graduation” alias may be tied to the user's actual graduation date,and so on. Alternatively, in embodiments where the user may never wantthe “actual” information to be released, an alias may not be associatedwith any actual data.

The user may determine which users (if any) should have access to thedata using the “circle-based” access controls discussed above. Forexample, the user may specify that only members of the “family” circlemay access his actual name, his home address, a particular photo orphotos, the tags of a photo or story, the caption of a photo or certaintext of a story, and so on. Access controls on items (story) and/or itemmetadata may determine whether other user may access user-submittedcontent. Of course, if a contributor has marked a story as “family”only, a user who is not in the family circle may not be able to accessit. However, if a user has marked a story as “public,” but has used analias to specify the story location (which is only available to those inthe contributor's family circle), a public user may not be able to“find” the story by location (or view the location of the story if/whenthe public user finds the story in a different way). Similar accesscontrols may be used to limit browsing based on contributor name (when acontributor alias is used), timeframe, and so on.

FIG. 16A is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method 1600 forcontrolling access to user-contributed content. At step 1610, the method1600 may start and be initialized as described above.

At step 1620, a contributor may create one or more circles; each circlemay comprise one or more users. A circle user may be another user of thenetwork-accessible service (e.g., website). Alternatively, a user may bea “semblance” (discussed below) identified by a name, distinguishedname, email address, alias or the like. A semblance may refer to a userthat is not yet a member of the network-accessible service (e.g.,website); therefore, when the user joins (using the specifieddistinguished name, or other relatable information), the user mayautomatically be added to the specified circle. In some embodiments,adding a user to a circle who is not yet a member of the website (hasnot registered an account) may cause an invitation message to be sent tothe user (e.g., “Joe has added you to his circle, register to see whathe has to say”). Step 1620 may comprise storing the circles (andindications of the users therein) in a datastore, such as a database,directory, or the like.

In some embodiments, step 1620 may comprise establishing one or morealiases. As described above, an alias may be a user-defined term thatmay be linked a particular data item. The user may specify any number ofaliases corresponding to any number of data items including, but notlimited to: a timeframe, a location, a name, a profile attribute (e.g.,photograph, marital status, etc.), metadata, or the like.

Although circle and alias creation is depicted as a step 1620, a usermay be able to create, edit, and/or remove circles and/or aliases at anytime. Therefore, the disclosure should not be read as limited to aparticular ordering and/or timeframe for circle and/or alias creation.

At step 1630, the contributor may submit content to be made available onthe network-accessible service (e.g., website). The content may comprisea content item, such as a photograph, text, video, a story (collectionof items), or the like. The content may further comprise descriptive,intersection metadata, such as a timeframe, location, descriptive tags,participant indicators, a rating, or the like. In some embodiments, acontent item may be associated with an alias. An alias may comprise datathat is to be publically available (the alias) and data that is to bemade available to certain permitted users (the data underlying thealias). As will be discussed below, the permitted users may beidentified by circle membership.

The content (or portions thereof) received at step 1630 may beassociated with respective access controls. In some embodiments, contentitem access control may be expressed permissively (e.g., allow circlesA, B, and C to access this content). Alternatively, content item accesscontrol may be expressed exclusively (e.g., allow the content to beaccessed by all users except the following circles or groups). Contentitem access control may be permitted to people who click on a link, orto people who can be authenticated as having a certain status on asocial media site, such as being a FACEBOOK® friend or a TWITTER®follower. Access controls may be used to specify how certain portions ofthe content are displayed. For example, the access control of a locationalias may indicate the true location is only shown to users in thecontributor's family circle, all other users see only the alias value(e.g., “Joe's house.”).

At step 1640, a request for content submitted by the contributor may bereceived. The request may be received from a particular user, or may bereceived anonymously (from an unregistered user). The request mayreference a single content item or a collection of content items (e.g.,a story).

At step 1650, the method 1600 may determine whether the request can begranted (or which portions of the request may be granted). Access may bedetermined by comparing the access controls associated with the item(s)to the user. For example, if a requested content item is marked as beingavailable only those in the contributor's “family” circle, thecontributor's family circle may be queried to determine whether therequesting user is a member. If not, the request may be denied and theflow may continue to step 1670; otherwise, the flow may continue to step1660. If a collection of content items is requested, access controls ofeach item may be evaluated, and the user may be permitted access only tothe items the user is allowed to see.

Step 1650 may further comprise determining which “version” of a contentitem the requester is allowed to access. For example, one or more of therequested items may be associated with an alias. The determination ofstep 1650 may comprise determining whether the user should have accessto the “alias” version or the actual value of the item(s).

At step 1660, the content items the requesting user is permitted toaccess may be presented in an interface. At step 1670, the user may beinformed that he/she is not authorized to access the requested contentitems.

FIG. 16B is a flow diagram of a method 1601 for providing anintersection space comprising items having respective access controls.

At steps 1610, 1620, 1630, the method 1601 may start and be initialized,a contributor may create one or more circles and/or aliases, anduser-submitted content may be received at the network-accessible service(e.g., website), as described above.

At step 1642, a request for an intersection set of intersecting storiesmay be received (e.g., a request for an intersection space). The requestmay comprise intersection criteria, such as a prevailing timeframe,location, or the like. The request may be received responsive to userinteraction with an interface, such as the interfaces 500 and/or 503 ifFIGS. 5A and 5B.

At step 1652, a set of intersecting stories may be identified using theintersection criteria.

At step 1654, the method 1601 may iterate over each of the storiesidentified at step 1652 to determine whether the story should appear inthe intersection space.

At step 1656, one of the stories may be examined to determine whether itshould be included in the intersection space. The determination may bebased upon story access controls as described above. The determinationmay also be based upon the visibility of story metadata. For example, ifstory was identified using timeframe, location, contributor, or othermetadata for which the contributor has specified an alias, and therequesting user does not have access to the actual value of the alias,the story may be excluded from the intersection space. If the story wasidentified using other metadata to which the user has access, the storymay be included in the intersection space. If the story is to be removedfrom the intersection space, the flow may continue to step 1672 wherethe story may be removed from the intersection space; otherwise, theflow may continue to step 1658.

At step 1658, the method 1600 may determine whether there are additionalintersection stories to evaluate. If so, the flow may return to step1656, where a next story in the intersection space may be evaluated todetermine whether it should removed.

At step 1662, the stories remaining in the intersection space may bepresented to the user in an interface. Step 1662 may comprise selectingappropriate alias values for each of the remaining stories. The aliasvalues may be selected using circle-based access controls as describedabove.

As discussed above, in some embodiments, a user may borrow a story ofanother user. In some embodiments, when a story is borrowed the originalcontributor maintains control over its content and who can see a storyor a link or other reference to a story. In these cases, borrowing astory causes the story to be available in a storyline only for thosepeople who have permission to see it (such as people in a specificcircle or circles). In other embodiments, when a story is borrowed, theborrowing user may apply his/her own set of access controls thereto.Accordingly, the borrowing user may share a story more broadly than theoriginal contributor. As discussed above, multi-tiered access controlmay allow content to be shared through a “community connector.” Acommunity connector may be a user who has a particular relationship witha disparate group of people. One example of a community connector is ayouth soccer coach. Each of the parents may have a relationship with thecoach, but may not necessarily have relationship with one another. Theparents may want to share content related to the soccer team, but maynot want to share it publically. In this case, the parents may eachshare their soccer-related stories with the coach who, in turn, mayborrow the stories and set appropriate access controls to share thestories with the other parents, whom the coach has added to a “team”circle.

In some embodiments, however, the ability of a story borrower to furtherdisseminate a story may be limited. For example, the contributor maypublish the story to only his “family” circle, but someone in his familycircle may publish the story publically, against the contributor'swishes. The original story contributor may prevent a story from beingdisseminated too broadly using aliases as described above. Whenborrowed, the contributor's originally applied alias access controls mayremain with the story. Therefore, even when shared publically, usersoutside of the family circle may not have access to story metadata. Inthis way, other users may be kept from “stumbling upon” the story.Moreover, the use of aliases may hide sensitive or private informationin the story from anyone outside of the contributor's family circle.Therefore, even through the story is available to the public, it may bedifficult to find and may not expose sensitive information about thecontributor.

In some embodiments, the original contributor may limit how a borrowedstory may be shared. For example, the contributor may specify that astory may be borrowed, but cannot be shared beyond the original circle.In this way, the users who “borrow” the story in effect “import” thefamily circle of the original contributor. Alternatively, or inaddition, the original contributor may be given the right to apply“exclusive” access controls to the story. As discussed above, exclusiveaccess controls may be used to specify users who may not access certaincontent. The exclusive access controls may stay with a story and maylimit how other users can share it when borrowed. For example, theborrower's permissions may be applied along with the originalcontributor's exclusive rules, such that even if the borrower allows thestory to be published publically, it will be prevented from beingdisseminated to users in the “exclude” directive (which may comprise a“public” identifier excluding all users).

The methods 1600 and 1601 may be adapted for use with “borrowed”content. In the case of step 1650 of method 1600, the determination ofwhether to grant a user access to content may be based upon accesscontrols applied by the borrower, and not the original contributor.However, when the item is provided to the requester, the selection ofwhich version of an “alias” item may be predicated on the alias accesscontrols of the original contributor (not the borrower, who may beunable to change the access controls associated with borrowed aliases).

The method 1601 may be similarly modified. The determination of step1656 may be predicated upon whether the user has access to the storyaccording to the access controls provided by the borrower. However,availability of the metadata used to identify the story in theintersection space (e.g., the timeframe, location, contributor, or thelike) may be determined according to the alias access controls set bythe original story contributor. Similarly, when a story is presented tothe user, the selection of which version of an alias item is to bedisplayed may be determined by the access controls set by the originalstory contributors. In embodiments in which the original contributorretains control over how his content is shared by borrowers, methods1600 and/or 1601 may be similarly modified (the determination steps1650, 1660, 1656, and/or 1662 may be based on access controlrestrictions set by the original contributor). In some embodiments, theborrower of a story may augment it by commenting on why they borrowed itor by adding new or substitute metadata. For example, if the originalcontributor of a story on a concert listed certain friends asparticipants in the story, a borrower might add new or substituteparticipants to reflect their experience at the concert.

As discussed above, a contributor may “tag” other users of thenetwork-accessible service (e.g., website) as participants in a story.When a user is tagged as a participant, the story may appear in a listof stories pertaining to the user (e.g., may appear in the user's lifepage). A user may “borrow” the story which, as described above, may makethe story available to those within the borrowing user's circles (oravailable publically).

In some cases, however, a user may wish to be “un-tagged” from a story(the user may not want to appear as a story participant). In some cases,requests to remove participants from a story may be automaticallygranted. In some embodiments, the determination of whether toautomatically grant participation removal may be based on the storytype. A user may not have the right to be removed from certain stories(such as news stories) without cause. However, to mitigate this, usersidentified as story participants may be given the right to comment on astory.

In some embodiments, a user may modify the way he/she is identified as astory participant. For example, a user may request to be identified inthe story using an alias. When so identified, only the certain permittedusers may be able to see the user's true identity. The access controldirectives (e.g., circles) controlling access to the participant aliasmay be determined by the participant, and not the story contributor. Asabove, however, in certain stories users identified as participants maynot be allowed to be referenced by alias without cause.

FIG. 17 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method 1700 formanaging story participants. At step 1710, the method 1700 may start andbe initialized as described above.

At step 1720, user-submitted content may be received at thenetwork-accessible service (e.g., website). The content may comprise astory (contributed and/or authored using an interface such as interface100 of FIG. 1A). The content may comprise metadata, including metadataidentifying one or more story participants. The story participants maybe identified using a user profile identifier, a distinguished name, orany other identifying information. In some embodiments, thenetwork-accessible service (e.g., website) may provide an interface tofacilitate the identification of other users (e.g., a user directory).

Step 1720 may further comprise storing the content in a datastore of thenetwork-accessible service (e.g., website) and making the contentavailable to other users via one or more presentation interfaces. Insome embodiments, step 1720 may comprise notifying the participants thata story, in which they are identified, is available on thenetwork-accessible service (e.g., website). The notification may be madevia an email message, user profile message, displayed in the user's “MyLife” interface, or the like.

In some embodiments, users identified as story participants may be giventhe “right to comment,” on the story. The notification discussed above,may inform the users of this right and provide a link to access and/orcomment on the story. Since the story participants have a right tocomment, the original story contributor may not be able add, remove, oredit the story comments submitted by the participants. In addition, acomment section of the story may prominently display participantcomments to prevent these comments from being “drowned out” by othercomments.

At step 1730, a request to remove a user as a story participant ormodify how the user is identified in the story (e.g., replace the user'sname with an alias).

At step 1740, the method 1700 may determine whether the user'sparticipant status may be automatically modified. The determination maybe based upon the story type. If the story is a “news” story, then usersmay not be automatically removed. The determination may further compriseevaluating a reputation metric associated with the contributor. As willbe discussed below, the results of participant arbitration may be storedin association with a contributor. If the contributor has shown ahistory of erroneously or maliciously tagging story participants, theuser's request may be automatically granted even if the story is taggedas “news” (or as another news-type story). Similarly, a reputationmetric associated with the participant may be evaluated. If theparticipant has repeatedly attempted (and failed) to havehimself/herself removed from news stories, the reputation metric of thecontributor may be less likely to provide for automatic removal. If theuser can be automatically removed, the flow may continue to step 1750;otherwise, the flow may continue to step 1760.

At step 1750, the user's participation status may be modified per therequest of step 1730. Modifying participation status may compriseremoving the user as a story participant or using an alias to representthe user. In some embodiments, removal as a story participant may causeany story comments submitted by the user to be removed (or displayedless prominently, just as other story comments).

Step 1750 may comprise recording the removal in a datastore, such thatsubsequent views of the story may omit the participant. The datastoremay be updated to prevent the contributor from re-adding the user as astory participant without the user's express permission.

At step 1760, the user may be informed that the request to be removed asa story participant could not be automatically granted. The user may beinformed of the reason (e.g., the story is news) and may be notified ofthe right to comment on the story. In some embodiments, the user may belinked to a participant arbitration process in which the user maypresent evidence that he/she should not be included in the story. Theevidence may be used to indicate that the user was not actually at theevents described in the story. For example, the user may submit apicture to show that he/she was misidentified in a story photo (e.g.,the user is not the person depicted in a particular tagged photo).Alternatively, or in addition, the user may present evidence that thecontributor misidentified the user by mistake or to harass the user. Thestory contributor may be allowed to provide information in support ofthe user remaining as a story participant.

At step 1770, the method 1700 may determine whether to grant the requestgiven the information received at step 1760. The determination may bemade automatically. For example, image processing software may determinethat the user is likely not the same person as the participant tagged ina story photo. Similarly, the method may determine that the user wasprobably not involved in the story events using other information (e.g.,another story submitted by another user or the user himself), or thatthe story cannot reasonably be construed as “news.” The determination ofstep 1770 may require the intervention of another user (an arbiter). Thearbiter may be selected or randomly selected from the users of thenetwork-accessible service (e.g., website user community), or may be astaff member. In some embodiments, the arbitration of step 1770 maycomprise comparing a reputation metric of the user to the reputationmetric of the contributor. Although the comparison may not bedefinitive, the relative reputation metrics may be used to weight thearbitration process to one side or the other.

If the arbitration step 1770 determines that the user's participationstatus may be modified, the flow may continue to step 1750. If not, theflow may return to step 1770, where the user may continue to attemptarbitration, or appeal directly to the contributor. Similarly, if afterarbitration, the user is removed as a participant, the contributor mayattempt to re-add the user through an arbitration process (e.g., theuser may be removed, but the flow may return to step 1760 to determinewhether the user can be re-added).

The results of the participant arbitration may be stored in a datastoreand/or associated with a user profile of the user and/or thecontributor. If the method 1700 determined that the user was actually aparticipant and/or that the request was superfluous, the user'sreputation metric may be decremented. Similarly, if the contributorfalsely claimed that the story was news or it is determined that theuser was misidentified (unintentionally or otherwise), the contributor'sreputation metric may be decremented. Conversely, if the user and/orcontributor provided valid information in good faith and in a timelymanner, their respective reputation metrics may be incremented,regardless of the outcome of the arbitration step 1770.

In some embodiments, if a contributor's reputation metric reaches a lowthreshold, the user may be prevented from tagging users in his/herstories. Repeated abuses may result in the contributor being banned fromthe network-accessible service (e.g., website).

The stories (and related metadata) submitted to the network-accessibleservice (e.g., website) by a contributor may be indicative of thecontributor's life experiences, interests, preferences, and the like. Insome embodiments, user-submitted content may be used develop a “usermodel” of the contributor. Unlike the user profile discussed above,which is primarily provided by the contributor himself, a user model maybe determined (or inferred) from the content submitted by thecontributor. Accordingly, as used herein a “user model,” may refer to aset of one or more user interests, preferences, and othercontributor-descriptive information determined from content submitted bythe contributor. In some embodiments, a user model may comprise one ormore “personality classifications” or “tags” describing the contributor(e.g., the contributor is a “traveler,” an “art lover,” etc.).

FIG. 18 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method 1800 fordeveloping a user model from user-contributed content. At step 1810, themethod may start and be initialized as described above.

At step 1820, content submitted by the contributor may be received atthe network-accessible service (e.g., website). As discussed above, acontributor may submit various different types of content including, butnot limited to: user-submitted content items (e.g., text, photographs,video, stories, etc), intersection metadata (e.g., timeframe, location,descriptive tags, participants, interested person(s), circle membership,etc), commentary, ratings, and the like. Similarly, the contributor'sactivity on the network-accessible service (e.g., website) may beconsidered user-submitted content. For example, searches submitted bythe user may be indicative of a user's interests; as may be thecontributor's browsing activity.

At step 1830, the user-submitted content may be evaluated to develop auser model. Step 1830 may comprise identifying common themes in theuser-submissions, such as commonly used descriptive tags, common storylocations, or the like. The evaluation may further comprise identifyinguser “habits,” by identifying repeating stories. For instance, thecontributor may have lunch with a friend at a particular restaurant oncea month, which may indicate that the contributor values long-termrelationships (and enjoys the type of food served at the restaurant).The timeframe distribution of user submissions may indicate when theuser is most active; the user may be identified as a “summer person” ifa majority of his/her contributions are in the summer months. Storiesrelated to particular locations may indicate that the user enjoyscertain types of activities (e.g., stories about skiing, trips to thetheater, climbing, etc.).

Less formal user-submissions, such as commentary, ratings, and the likemay be leveraged to form a user model. Positive comments and/or reviewson certain stories may indicate that the user has an interest in thestory topic even if the contributor has not yet written about the topic.For instance, the contributor may provide positive commentary andratings of stories pertaining to mountaineering which, although thecontributor has never tried himself, may be of interest to thecontributor. Similarly, user browsing or search activity may be used tomodel the user. For instance, searches for particular topics,timeframes, and/or locations may be used to identify user interests oraffinities.

At step 1840, the user modeling information identified at step 1830 maybe stored on a datastore and made available for further processing, suchas user recommendations, user affinities (discussed below), and thelike. For example, if the user model indicates that the contributor hasan interest in a particular topic or location, stories on the topic orlocation may be recommended to him.

In some embodiments, the further processing of step 1840 may comprisedisplaying modeling information to the user (or another interesteduser). For example, and as discussed above, a user profile avatar may beupdated responsive to user modeling information. Modeling informationmay be used to show various different summaries of user activity. Forexample, a map may be populated with the locations that the contributorvisited within a particular timeframe (e.g., using a timeframe control,such as the controls 510 and/or 1100 disclosed above, or anothertimeframe input). Other displays for presenting user modelinginformation may include contributor timeframe densities (showing thedensity of user-submitted content by time), contributor rating overtime, contributor disposition over time, prevailing descriptive tags(e.g., as in a dynamic tag element, such as the elements 548 discussedabove), and so on. As could be appreciated by one of skill in the art,the teachings of this disclosure could be adapted to present usermodeling information in any number of different ways using any number ofdifferent display elements; therefore, the disclosure should not be readas limited in this regard.

In some embodiments, user-submitted content may be used to identify useraffinities. User affinities may be identified by comparing user profileand/or user modeling information of two or more users. Affinityidentification may further comprise comparing the content submitted bytwo or more user-contributors. Stories submitted about the samelocations, timeframes, or topics may be used to identify specificshared-experiences (or similar life events, even if they took place atdifferent places and/or times). For example, both users may have bothlived in the same town growing up, may have graduated from the sameuniversity (in the same year, or at different times), both may have losta parent when they were young (even though the loss occurred atdifferent times and/or at different locations), and so on.

Accordingly, identifying user affinities may include, but is not limitedto: comparing user profile information, comparing user modelinginformation, comparing user-submitted content, and the like. Each typeof comparison may identify a different set of user affinities: userprofile comparisons may identify affinities in the ways that the usersdescribe themselves; user model comparisons may identify affinitiesinferred from the content submitted by the users; and the user-submittedcontent may be used to identify shared experiences between the users.

User affinities may be identified responsive to a request from one ormore users. For example a first user may query the network-accessibleservice (e.g., website) to identify his/her affinities with anotherspecific user (e.g., show me what I have in common with “Joe Jackson”).Alternatively, an affinity query may be more open ended (e.g., show methe users with whom I have the most in common).

FIG. 19A is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method 1900 foridentifying user affinities using user-submitted content and/or themetadata associated therewith. At step 1910, the method may start and beinitialized as described above.

At step 1920, an affinity query may be received. The query may bereceived from a user who has submitted content to the network-accessibleservice (e.g., website). The query may specify a particular user as atarget of the query (e.g., what do I have in common with user X).

At step 1930, user profile information may be compared. The comparisonmay comprise identifying similarities (affinities) in the user profiles.For example, the comparison may determine whether the users share thesame taste in music, are of a similar age (if the age information ofuser X is available to the requester), and so on. In addition, a userprofile comparison may compare the circle membership of the users. Thecircle comparison may be used to identify shared friends, or more“distant” relationships (e.g., you are a friend of a friend of user X,or your friend is in X's family circle).

As discussed above, user profiles under the teachings of this disclosuremay comprise chronological user profile information, in which differentattributes may be tied to different respective timeframes. Accordingly,the comparison at step 1930 may comprise a chronological comparison tocompare the users over time. For example, it may be determined that bothusers liked the same band during high school. This shared preference maybe identified as a musical affinity despite the fact that the musicalpreferences of the users has diverged over time.

At step 1940, user modeling information of the users may be compared. Asdiscussed above, user modeling information may be determined (orinferred) from the content submitted by the users. Accordingly, thecomparison may identify shared preferences that the users have not yetidentified in themselves. Step 1940 may further comprise comparing adisposition of the users (discussed above in conjunction with FIG. 15).

At step 1950, the content submitted by the users may be compared. Thecomparison may comprise identifying shared experiences between the users(e.g., a trip to the same locations at similar or different times).Shared experiences (stories) may be identified using the metadataassociated therewith. Shared experiences may be identified by comparingstory location metadata (the stories occurred in the same place),comparing story timeframe (stories occurred at the same time), involvedsome shared participant(s), shared interested person(s), described usingsimilar tags, or any other story content or metadata. The comparison ofuser-submitted content may further comprise comparing commentary and/orratings submitted by the users.

Access to other users' stories (or user profile information discussedabove) may be limited by access controls, such as circle membership.Therefore, in some embodiments, some affinities may not be identified ifthe requesting user does not have access to the other users' stories,profile information, or metadata aliases. Alternatively, the comparisonmay identify the affinity, but may hide the underlying information fromthe user (the user may be informed of a “location affinity,” but may notbe told what that affinity is).

At step 1960, the results of the affinity comparison may be provided torequester. The results may be presented in an interface for display tothe user in a browser or other application. As described above, step1960 may comprise any number of different displays and/or presentationtypes to display any number of different user affinities. For example,the affinity comparison may comprise a map showing the locations incommon between the two users. The locations in common may be identifiedeven if the users were not there at the same or similar timeframes(e.g., user 1 visited Prague in 2003 and user 2 visited in 2008); thelocation “intersection” may still represent a user affinity. Otherdisplays, such as the prevalence of particular descriptive tags, storytypes, and so on, may be displayed. The timeframes of affinities may bedisplayed, in some embodiments. Two people may be fans of the Beatles,but their enthusiasms may have started and/or ended on different datesand been of different durations. The age at which a user acquired orlost an affinity may also be compared, indicating, for example, that oneperson was a fan of Harry Potter books from age 5 to 12, while anotherwas a fan from ages 33-35. These affinities can be compared andcontrasted for two or more people; indeed, all of the people who arepublic fans of Harry Potter might be able to see how their ages anddates compared to those of other fans.

Although FIG. 19 depicts identification of user affinities based on userprofile, user modeling, and user-submitted content, in other embodimentsonly one or more of these comparisons may be made. For example, a usermay only be interested in identifying shared experiences and, as such,only the comparison between user-submitted content may be made.

FIG. 19 describes the comparison of a user to another user; however, themethod 1900 could be extended to compare a user to any number of otherusers. In some embodiments, the method 1900 could be used to identifyusers of the network-accessible service (e.g., website community users)with which a particular user shares the most in common (e.g., bycomparing the user to other users, quantifying the number of affinities,and providing the top results).

Users with which a particular user shares a high-degree of affinity maybe potential “friends” of the user (e.g., included in one or morecircles of the user). In some embodiments, a user-affinity process maycontinually search for potential user affinities. If or when ahigh-degree of user-to-user affinity is identified, the identified usersmay be introduced to one another via a “private introduction.” As willbe described below, a private introduction may be configured tointroduce users to one another without compromising the users' privacy.

As discussed above, users may protect the information submitted to thenetwork-accessible service (e.g., website) using access controls,aliases, and the like. It may be difficult to identify user affinitiesusing only public information. In some embodiments, both public and“access controlled” information may be used to identify user affinities,while maintaining the privacy of the access controlled information.Accordingly, user-to-user affinities may be identified without exposingany private user information.

In one embodiment, a user may be allowed to “opt-in” or “opt-out” ofaffinity matching. For instance, a user may not be interested inidentifying affinities with other users (or being identified thereby).If a user opts-out of affinity matching, his/her protected data may notbe used. If a user does not opt-out (or explicitly opts-in), privatedata may be used to identify potential user affinities. Alternatively, auser may be given the opportunity to completely opt-out of affinitymatching (e.g., may indicate that they wish to be excluded from affinitymatching, even if it involves only public information).

FIG. 19B is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method 1901 foridentifying user affinities. At step 1910, the method 1901 may start andbe initialized as described above.

At step 1920, a request to identify user affinities may be received. Therequest may be received from a particular user, or may be received aspart of an automated affinity identification process. In someembodiments, the request may include affinity criteria, such aslocation, age, and the like. These criteria may be used to reduce thesearch space for the affinity matching. For example, a user may want toidentify user affinities only with local users (users who reside in thesame area as the user).

At step 1922, a pool of affinity candidate users may be identified. Theuser pool may be identified using the affinity criteria discussed above(if any).

At step 1924, an affinity metric may be calculated for each user in theuser pool. Calculating the affinity metric may comprise iterating oversteps 1930, 1940, and 1950, and 1962 for each user.

At steps 1930, 1940, and 1950, user profile, user model, anduser-submitted content may be used to identify user affinities asdescribed above.

At step 1962, a user affinity metric may be calculated using theaffinities identified at steps 1930, 1940, and/or 1950. The metric mayquantify the individual affinities into an overall “affinity metric” forthe user. Certain affinities may be weighted higher than others (e.g., alife experience affinity may be weighted higher than a high school musicpreference affinity). The affinity metric may also take intoconsiderations any “affinity conflicts” between the users. An affinityconflict may be conflicting preferences or interests between the users.For example, one user may be identified as a “social conservative,” andthe other may be a “flaming liberal.” While this conflict alone may notdefinitively preclude identification of a user affinity, it may reducethe overall affinity score. Like the affinities discussed above,“affinity conflicts” may be given different weights (e.g., a politicalconflict may be weighted higher than a “favorite type of food”conflict).

At step 1964, if there are more users in the pool to process, the flowmay return to step 1930 where the affinity score of a next user may bedetermined; otherwise, the flow may continue to step 1970.

At step 1970, indications of high-affinity users (if any) may beprovided to the user. Step 1970 may comprise comparing the user affinitymetrics to an affinity threshold; metrics that fall below the thresholdmay not be provided to the user. Alternatively, or in addition, the useraffinity metrics may be ordered, such that only the highest affinityusers are returned (e.g., only the top five).

In some embodiments, the user-affinity indications may be provided in aninterface to the user. Each affinity may include a link to a profile ofthe other user and may indicate the affinity score. Alternatively, theaffinity indications may be anonymous. For example, the indication mayindicate only that “you have a high affinity with user [redacted], clickhere to connect with them.” The message may be sent to both users, andthe identity of the users may not be revealed until both users agree tobe introduced to one another. In some embodiments, the introduction maycomprise identifying the users to one another (e.g., linking to theusers' respective user profiles). The introduction may further compriseindications of the areas of affinity between the users (e.g., “you bothenjoy riding horses, hiking, lived in Magnolia . . . ” and so on).

In some embodiments, a user may be looking for a particular personhe/she encountered at particular place and/or within a particulartimeframe (e.g., at an intersection). In other embodiments, the user maynot remember the location where the specific location took place (e.g.,may not remember the name of the bar only that it was in downtownSeattle). Similarly, the user may not remember the exact timeframe, onlythat the missed connection occurred sometime during a particular day orweek. In some embodiments, the user may also have additionalinformation, which may be used to reduce the search space for the missedconnection. For example, the user may remember that the person was named“Julie” and was about 25 years old. Similarly, the user may know theidentity of other people who were also at the event. These other peoplemay be registered at the network-accessible service (e.g., website) andmay be identified in stories describing the event.

In some embodiments, the user may contribute a story about the missedconnection (or the event generally) and specify a participant (orinterested person) as a “missed connection.” As will be described below,the systems and methods disclosed herein may attempt to identify a usercorresponding to the missed connection using the story metadata and/orthe metadata of other stories. Alternatively, the user may issue a queryto the network-accessible service (e.g., website) to attempt to identifythe missed connection. The query may include the intersection criteriadescribed above (e.g., the timeframe, the location, participants,interested persons, descriptive tags, and so on).

If one or more potential “missed connections” is identified, the usersmay be introduced to one another via an anonymous introduction process.In some embodiments, the introduction process may proceed as describedabove, where the users are presented with a prompt to be introduced tothe one another. Neither user profile may be exposed until both agree tothe introduction. In some embodiments, an introduction may include a“mutual authentication” step in which the users may verify that theother person is who they remember from the missed connection. The mutualauthentication process may be performed without exposing the identity(or other private information) of either user. Several examples ofmutual authentication processes are described below, including a “photoline-up” (discussed below), connection-related questions, and so on.

FIG. 20 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method 2000 foridentifying a particular user at a particular intersection (identify auser at a “missed connection”). At step 2010, the method may start andbe initialized as described above.

At step 2020, a request to identify a user may be received at thenetwork-accessible service (e.g., website) from a user. The request maybe received via a search interface and/or responsive to the userspecifying a “missed connection” participant or interested person in astory (e.g., specifying a missed connection in the participant input 128of FIG. 1A). The request may specify the timeframe the missed connectionoccurred, the location of the missed connection, and the like. Therequest may include additional criteria, such as the identity of otherusers at the missed connection, descriptive tags of the missedconnection (e.g., “dinner party”), identifying information about themissed connection (e.g., the person is female, named “Julie,” and isabout 25), and so on. If the request was submitted as a “missedconnection,” story participant, interested person(s), the timeframe,location, and other metadata may be derived from the story itself.

At step 2030, a set of candidate missed connection users may beidentified. In some embodiments, the candidate missed connection usersmay be identified using the stories that intersect the metadata providedin the request (the information received at step 2020). Thecontributor(s) and/or participants in the stories may be identified ascandidate missed connection users.

In some embodiments, stories that did not occur at the specifiedtimeframe or location may also be inspected for candidate missedconnection users. For example, if a particular user regularly submitsstories related to the missed connection location (e.g., a bar), theuser (and the participant(s) in the user's bar stories) may be includedin the set of candidate missed connection users. The users may beincluded even if the particular user did not contribute a “bar story”during the missed connection timeframe (the timeframe received at step2020), since it is possible (and even likely) that the user was at thebar at the time, but simply neglected to contribute a story for thatparticular night.

At step 2040, if no candidate missed connection stories (or users) havebeen identified, the flow may continue to step 2045, where the user maybe notified no one was identified. The notification may comprise aprompt to broaden the request parameters (e.g., increase the timeframe,location, or the like). When a broadened request is received, the flowmay return to step 2030.

At step 2050, the candidate missed connection users may be filtered bythe user's additional criteria discussed above. In some embodiments, thefiltering may be “soft.” For example, the user may “think” that themissed connection's name was “Julie” but is not completely sure.Therefore, when filtering on this criterion, nonconforming users may beretained as missed connection candidates. Other criteria, such as themissed connection's gender, may be “hard” filters, such that any missedconnection candidates who do not conform to the criteria areautomatically removed as candidates. The criteria may relate to storymetadata in which the candidate user appears. For example, the requestmay have indicated that the event was a “dinner party” at a particularrestaurant. Another story, also tagged as a dinner party, may conform tothe criteria, whereas a story tagged as “laser tag,” may fail thecriteria. The user may specify which of the criteria are hard and/orsoft in the request of step 2020.

In some embodiments, filtering may comprise assigning a candidatelikelihood metric to each of the users, which may quantify thelikelihood that a particular user is the missed connection. Thelikelihood metric may be determined using the filtering criteriadescribed above; matches may increase the user's likelihood metric, andmisses may decrease the metric. Candidate users who fail “hard” criteriaand/or whose likelihood metric falls below a threshold may be removed ascandidates.

As discussed above, if the users have opted-in to be identified, privatestory metadata and/or user profile information may be used in theidentification and/or filtering steps 2030 and/or 2050. However, if auser has opted-out from using private data to identify affinities (ormissed connections), the private data may not be used. Similarly, if auser has opted-out from missed connection identification, the user maybe excluded from the candidate list at steps 2030 and/or 2050.

If at step 2060 and after the filtering of step 2050, no candidatemissed connection users remain, the flow may continue to step 2040;otherwise, the flow may continue to step 2070.

At step 2070, indications of the one or more candidate missed connectionusers may be presented to the requesting user. The candidate missedconnection users may be displayed anonymously (e.g., the username,profile, and other information, even if public, may not be exposed). Insome embodiments, if there are more than a threshold number ofcandidates, the method 2000 may request that the user provide additionalmissed connection criteria to reduce the list to a manageable number.For example, the list may be in a dynamic user interface in which therequesting user can specify additional criteria as it comes to mind, andsee the changes to the resulting list (e.g., show only the users who arenamed “Julie” or whose name starts with “J”).

The display of step 2070 may comprise a link to be introduced to themissed connection. In some embodiments, the link may operate asdescribed above; the users may be introduced after both users(anonymously) agree to the introduction. In other embodiments, theintroduction may comprise a mutual authentication process.

FIG. 21 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of method 2100 for providingprivate user introductions, while maintaining user privacy. At step2110, the method 2100 may start and be initialized as described above.

At step 2120, a request for mutual authentication may be received. Therequest may be received from a user selecting a “missed connection” (oraffinity) link and may identify two or more users who are to beintroduced to one another.

At step 2130, the method 2100 may determine whether the users havespecified that mutual authentication is required for introductions. Insome embodiments, users may have privacy settings indicating howintroductions are to take place. An outgoing user may acceptintroduction requests without mutual authentication or prior approval.Other, more private users may require explicit approval or mutualauthentication. If neither user requires pre-approval or mutualauthentication, the flow may continue to step 2160 where an introductionmay take place; otherwise, the flow may continue to step 2140.

At step 2140 an approval or authentication method may be selected. Asdiscussed above, many different forms of mutual authentication orapproval may be provided including, but not limited to: a photo lineup,anonymous questions, limited approval or the like. The selection of step2140 may be predicated on user preferences and/or the availability ofuser profile information. For example, if one of the users to beintroduced prefers not use to photo introductions, or does not have aprofile picture (or the profile photo is not public), then a photolineup may not be possible (unless the user agrees to provide a photofor the purposes of the method 2100).

At step 2150, the selected approval or authentication method may beimplemented, and the results determined. If the results indicate that anintroduction is to take place, the flow may continue to step 2170;otherwise, the flow may continue to step 2160, where the user(s) may benotified that the introduction was rejected.

At step 2170, the users may be introduced to one another. Theintroduction may comprise the users exchanging user profile information(links). Introduction may further comprise identifying the timeframe,location, interested person(s), and/or participants at the missedconnection event (e.g., “We met at Sally's dinner party”).

FIG. 22 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method for approving anintroduction while maintaining user privacy. At step 2210, the methodmay start and be initialized as described above.

At step 2220, a request to approve and/or authenticate a userintroduction may be received.

At step 2230, the method 2200 may issue a query to each of the users.The query may be automatically generated or may be authored by anotheruser. The query may ask the users if they would like to be introducedand, if so, provide for mutual user authentication. For example, thequery submitted to a candidate missed connection may read: “Another useris looking for someone who might be you, would you like to beintroduced? They claim to have met you at [timeframe] [location]. If so,do you recognize them here?”). If the response is positive, the missedconnection requester may receive the following query (“[Redacted] wouldlike to be introduced, do you recognize this person here?”). The querymay comprise a photo lineup including a set of selected photos alongwith the photo of the other user. If the users can pick each other outof the lineups, the users may be introduced; otherwise, the introductionmay fail.

In another example, the query may comprise one or more questions inplace of (or in addition to) a set of photos. The question(s) may beused to authenticate that the other user is the subject of the missedconnection. The question(s) may be authored by the users to beintroduced. For example, the query to a candidate missed connection mayread: “Another user is looking for someone who might be you, you wouldlike to be introduced? If so, please respond to the following[user-provided question]”). The requesting user may receive a similarquery.

At step 2240, the method 2200 may determine whether the users acceptedthe invitations to be introduced and/or the mutual authentication stepwas successful. If so, the flow may continue to step 2250 where the usermay be introduced as described above (e.g., as in step 2150 of FIG. 21);otherwise, the users may be notified of the failure and/or given anopportunity to re-try the introduction at step 2260.

FIG. 23 is a flow diagram of another embodiment of a method foridentifying missed connection users. In the FIG. 23 example, a user maypublish a “missed connection” story (e.g., using the story type control132 of FIG. 1A). The story may simply indicate that a missed connectionoccurred at a particular timeframe and/or place. In some embodiments,the missed connection may be submitted anonymously or using an alias tohide the identity of the contributor.

At step 2310 the method 2300 may start and be initialized as discussedabove. At step 2320, a story describing a missed connection may bereceived and published on the network-accessible service (e.g.,website). The story may identify the timeframe and/or location of themissed connection, may include text describing the missed connection,may include descriptive tags, or the like. The story may include a“respond” input to allow a user who thinks that he/she is the missedconnection mentioned in the story to be introduced to the storycontributor.

At step 2330, a request for introduction from the responder may bereceived.

At step 2340, upon receiving the request, the responder may be promptedto for “authentication” by identifying the contributor in a photo lineupor by some other mechanism (series of questions authored by thecontributor).

If the authentication of step 2340 is successful, the flow may continueto step 2350; otherwise, the flow may continue to step 2345 where theparties may be notified of the failure, and the flow may continue atstep 2330 when a next request for introduction is received. In someembodiments, once a responder has failed the authentication step of2340, the user may be prevented from retrying (or may be prevented fromretrying more than a threshold number of times). This may prevent a userfrom guessing the identity of the contributor by elimination.

At step 2350, the story contributor may be prompted to pick theresponder's photo from a lineup or otherwise authenticate that theresponder's identity. If the contributor successfully identifies theresponder, the flow may continue to step 2360 where the contributor andthe responder may be introduced as described above; otherwise, the flowmay continue to step 2360 where the users may be notified of the failureand/or allowed to re-try the introduction.

As discussed above, a user-submitted content, such as stories and thelike, may be associated with a contributor and, optionally, one or moreparticipant and/or interested persons. Some story participants and/orinterested persons may be members of the network-accessible service(e.g., may have registered an account with the service). Registeredusers may appear in connection with a story (as shown in FIG. 5C) and/ormay have the right to comment on the story.

In some cases, however, a user tagged as a story participant orinterested persons may not have account (e.g., may be an unregistereduser). As discussed above, in some embodiments, these users may berepresented using a “semblance.” As used herein, a semblance may referto a representation of another person created by someone other than theperson himself/herself. Semblances may be used for various purposes. Forexample, a semblance may be created by a story contributor to representa story participant who is not yet a member of the service. In anotherexample, a semblance may be used to represent a person who is a memberof the service (has a user account), but the contributor may not want todirectly reference the person's account. In another case, a semblancemay be used to represent a person who cannot register an account withthe network-accessible service (e.g., website), such as a minor, aperson with a disability, a deceased person, a “virtual person,” such asa video game character, an entity in a virtual world, a business entity,a corporation, or the like.

In some embodiments, a semblance may be used to represent somethingother than a person. As will be discussed below, stories (or othercontent) related to a “non-person” may be included in a storyline, whichmay be searched and/or browsed chronologically (or using otherassociated metadata) as described above. For example, a semblance couldrepresent: an event; a project (e.g., construction of a building, theApollo space program, etc.); a physical object, such as a car, airplane,cruise ship, or the like; a piece of property; a region; a piece ofsoftware; an industry; a business (e.g., a local business, a largecorporation, or the like); legislation; a social or political movement(e.g., the “tea party,” “civil rights movement,” etc.); a politicalparty; or the like.

In some embodiments, the creator of the semblance may create a semblanceuser profile that comprises the same data as an “actual” user profile.In some embodiments, the contents of the semblance “user profile” may beadapted according to the entity represented thereby (e.g., a project orcorporation profile may include a different set of profile informationthan a profile representing a person). Accordingly, a semblance may beassigned an avatar, preferences, contact information, etc. The user whocreated the semblance may be allowed to control the contents of thesemblance profile. In some embodiments, the responsibility and/orcontrol over a semblance may be shared among two or more users. Forexample, the semblance may represent the child of two users, both ofwhich may be able to control the semblance. In another example, asemblance may represent a common ancestor of two or more users, each ofwhich may “have a say” in how the semblance is represented on thenetwork-accessible service (e.g., website). In some embodiments,conflicts may be resolved by a vote among the users having control overthe semblance and/or each user may have the power to veto changes to thesemblance. In other embodiments, one user may be assigned to be anarbiter of the information about a semblance. The arbiter may be thefirst user to create the semblance and/or may be selected by otherinterested users (e.g., by community consensus). In some embodiments, asemblance may represent a prominent person entity, or set of events(e.g. Abraham Lincoln, the “tea party,” building the Golden Gate Bridge,or the like). In this case, one or more “experts” (as identified by thenetwork-accessible service) may be assigned to arbitrate semblanceinformation.

The features described above (e.g., intersections, affinities, and soon) may be implemented using semblances. For example, a user may“intersect” with a semblance in the same way (or in a similar way) theuser would intersect with another user. A semblance may have a “life”timeline or “storyline” (similar to the life timeline interface of FIG.5B), and may appear as a participant and/or interested person instories, and so on.

In some embodiments, a semblance may be associated with access controls.The access controls applied to a semblance may operate similarly toaccess controls on stories, aliases, and the like described above. Forexample, a semblance may be accessible only within certaincontributor-defined circles. This may prevent a semblance representing aminor from being seen by the public (e.g., only the members of thecontributor's “family” circle may have access to the semblance).Accordingly, when the semblance is identified as a story participant,the participant indicator showing the semblance may only be displayedwhen the story is viewed by a member of the contributor's family circle.Similarly, only family circle members may have access to the “semblanceprofile” information (if any).

In some embodiments, semblances may be merged with one another. Mergingmay be used to combine multiple representations of the same person orthing. For example, one or more contributors may create multiplesemblances representing the same person or thing (e.g., using differentname variation, spellings, or the like). The different semblances may beassociated with different sets of stories, making it difficult to findthe all of the stories (or other content) associated with the semblance.Merging may occur between the semblances created by the same user and/orbetween semblances created by different users. After a merger of thesemblances of a single user, the resulting merged semblance may comprisethe “combination” of the information of the merged semblances.References to the semblance (as a story participant and/or interestedperson) may point to the merged semblance. Similarly, storylinesinvolving the semblance may be combined (e.g., as discussed below). Insome embodiments, profile information (avatar picture, contactinformation, etc.) of the merged semblances may be combined into themerged semblance. Conflicts may be manually resolved by the user and/orthe merged semblance may include two copies of the conflictinginformation (to be resolved by the user at a later time). If thesemblances were created by different users, the user may determine howthe merged semblance is to be controlled or “arbitrated” therebetween(e.g., shared control of both users, such as veto power, majoritycontrol, control by a single user, or the like).

FIG. 24 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method 2400 for mergingone or more semblances. At step 2410, the method 2400 may start and beinitialized as described above. At step 2420, one or more users maycreate two or more semblances representing the same person or entity.The semblances may be stored on a datastore of the network-accessibleservice (e.g., website). Step 2420 may further comprise the user(s)identifying the semblance as a participant and/or interested person inone or more stories, providing “semblance profile” information, and soon.

At step 2430, the method 2400 may receive a request to merge the two ormore semblances. The request may identify the semblances to be merged.The request may further comprise an indication of how the mergedsemblance is to be managed or arbitrated (e.g., controlled by a singleuser, multiple users, or the like).

At step 2440, the multiple semblances may be combined into a mergedsemblance. Step 2440 may comprise updating references in stories (orother content) to reference the merged semblance. Step 2440 may furthercomprise combining “semblance profile” information (if any) into themerged semblance. If conflicts in the profile information exist, theymay be manually arbitrated by the user(s) (e.g., using prompts or othermeans specified in the request of step 2430), and/or the conflictinginformation may be stored in the merged semblance to be resolved at alater time.

At step 2450, the merged semblance may be stored on a datastore and madeavailable for use by the user(s).

In some embodiments, a semblance may “graduate” to a full user. Forexample, a child who was represented by a semblance by his/her parentsmay “inherit” the semblance, and convert it into a full user account.The conversion may take place by the user(s) who created the semblanceissuing a request to the network-accessible service. In response, thenetwork-accessible service may update the semblance to represent a userand/or may provide new login credentials (or other registrationmaterials) to the owner of the new user account.

In another example, a person may create his/her own account. The personmay be represented as a semblance by one or more other users. When theuser creates the new account, he/she may be prompted to associate theaccount with existing semblances. The association may be automaticallyidentified by comparing properties of the new user to properties of thesemblance(s). Alternatively, or in addition, the users who created thesemblance(s) may have issued an invitation to the new user, which mayallow for an automatically association to be made between the new useraccount and the semblances (e.g., using an invite code or otheridentifier). In some embodiments, and if allowed by the new user,profile information from one or more of the semblances may be used to“pre-populate” the new account.

When the new account is created, and one or more correspondingsemblances are identified, references to the semblances in certaincontributor stories may be updated to reference the newly updatedaccount. In some embodiments, the updating may occur automaticallyand/or may require approval of the new user and/or approval of the storycontributor(s). For example, at registration time (or afterregistration) the user may be presented with a list of automaticallyidentified stories comprising similar names to the newly registereduser's name, and may query the new user to indicate which story/namecombinations refer to him/her. The new user may indicate whichsemblances should be updated and, in some embodiments, the stories maybe automatically updated to reference the new account. Alternatively,the story contributors may be given the opportunity to accept or rejectthe changes.

FIG. 25 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method 2500 foridentifying semblances associated with a user profile. At step 2510, themethod 2500 may start and be initialized as described above. At step2520, one or more story contributors may create one or more semblancesto represent a person as a story participant, interested person, or thelike. The semblance(s) may indicate the name of the person user and/ormay specify one or more “semblance” (e.g., user profile) attributes(e.g., this person is about 25, first and last name, contactinformation, such as email address, and the like.). In some embodiments,when a semblance is created, and contact information is provided, theperson may be notified that he/she has been tagged in a story (or otheritem). The notification may include an invitation to register with thenetwork-accessible service (e.g., using a link comprising a uniqueinvitation code). When the invitation (e.g., link with the code) isfollowed, the resulting user account may be automatically added as astory participant (as discussed below). A similar interaction may occurwhen a contributor adds a semblance to a circle (e.g., by email address,or other identifier).

At step 2530, the user associated with the semblance(s) may register anaccount with the network-accessible service. Account registration maycomprise providing user identifying information, such as user name(first and last), age, interests, preferences, and the like, asdiscussed above.

At step 2540, one or more semblances associated with the user accountmay be identified. The identification may comprise searching for usershaving the same or similar name, or the like. In some embodiments, theidentification may further comprise filtering the results based onuser-identifying information of the semblances, such as age, name, andthe like. If the user created the user account in response to aninvitation (e.g., in an email) having an invitation code (generated atstep 2530), the user may be automatically added as a story participant(without performing steps 2550-2560 below). In some embodiments,semblance profile information may be used to pre-populate portions ofthe created user profile (upon approval of the new user).

At step 2550, the identified semblances may be presented to the newuser. The semblances may be presented with indicators of whichcontributors created and/or have used the semblance(s), the nature ofthe stories in which the semblances appear, and so on. The user mayindicate which of the semblances represent the user and/or may indicatewhich semblances and/or stories with which the user does not want to beassociated.

Step 2550 may further comprise receiving verification from the storycontributor(s). In some embodiments, once the new user identifies whichsemblances represent him/her, the method 2500 may transmit averification message to the story contributors requesting to update thecontributor's references to the semblance(s) with a reference to theuser profile. In some cases, the contributor may refuse (e.g., thecontributor may determine that the new user is not the person heintended the semblance to represent, and/or may prefer to continue usingthe semblance). If the contributor chooses not to use the new account,the contributor may continue to use the semblance(s); otherwise, thecontributor's references to the semblance(s) may be updated to referencethe identified user profile.

At step 2560, the stories in which the unregistered user appeared, andthat were indicated (and verified by the contributor) at step 2550, maybe updated to associate the participant with the user profile.

FIG. 26 is a flow diagram of another embodiment of a method for updatinga semblance to refer to a user profile. In the FIG. 26 example, theassociation may be driven by a story contributor (e.g., a contributorwho created and/or used the semblance to represent the user). At step2610, the method may start and be initialized as described above.

At step 2620, a contributor may create and/or reference a semblancerepresenting a particular person. The contributor may reference thesemblance in user-contributed content, such as a story or the like(e.g., the semblance may be used to represent a story participant and/orinterested person). Step 2620 may comprise storing the content (andsemblance reference) on a datastore of the network-accessible service(e.g., website).

At step 2630, the contributor may identify a user profile of the personrepresented by the semblance(s). The contributor may, therefore, issue arequest to the network-accessible service, to replace references to oneor more identified semblance(s) with references to an identified userprofile.

At step 2640, the method 2600 may determine whether the contributor'sreferences to the identified semblance(s) may be updated to referencethe identified user profile. As discussed above, users may have theright to be removed as participants and/or interested persons of certainstories. Therefore, in some embodiments, the owner of the user profile(the user represented thereby) may be prompted to confirm that he/she iswilling to appear as a participant and/or interested person in thecontributor's stories. In some embodiments, the decision may be made ona story-by-story basis. Therefore, the prompt of step 2640 may includeindicators (e.g., link badges, links, or the like) identifying thestories with which the user profile would be associated. In someembodiments, approval to add a user as a participant and/or interestedperson may be controlled by a user policy (e.g., always allow me to beadded to stories by user X, always prompt me, always exclude me, etc.).Examples of such policies are described below in conjunction with FIG.29. If such policies exist, they may be applied at step 2640. If nopolicy exists, the user may be prompted for configuration beforeassociating the user profile with the storie(s). While awaitingconfirmation, the references to the semblance may be retained (orremoved). Alternatively, even if a policy exists, the user may beprompted (since the change at step 2640 could include a large number ofstories, which may be outside of the scope of the policies).

If at step 2640 the method 2600 determines that the update can takeplace (within one or more of the contributor's items), the flow maycontinue to step 2650; otherwise, the flow may continue to step 2660where the contributor may be informed that the user rejected the change.

At step 2650, one or more references to the identified semblance(s) maybe replaced with a reference to the identified user profile. Step 2650may comprise modifying a datastore on which the contributor's items arestored. Step 2650 may further comprise removing the identifiedsemblance(s) (since the person represented thereby is now associatedwith an “actual” user profile). Alternatively, the semblance(s) may beretained (but may not be referenced in any user-contributed content).

As discussed above, user-submitted content may be associated withvarious types of metadata, which may determine how the content ispresented and/or browsed on the network-accessible service (e.g.,website). For example, the content submitted and/or borrowed by aparticular contributor may be displayed in a “life” interface such asthe interface 503 of FIG. 5B. Other intersection space interfaces maydisplay stories related to a particular location, set of participants,or the like.

In some embodiments, user-submitted content may be organized by“storyline.” As used herein, a storyline refers to a collection ofcontent, such as stories, photos, metadata, or information imported fromother social media. The selection of content for a storyline is underthe control of the owner or owners of the storyline, and may consist ofcontent created by an owner of a storyline, content borrowed or importedby the owner, linked or referenced content, or the like. Often astoryline will have a name that describes the unifying theme of thecontent, if there is a unifying theme. For example, the contentsubmitted by particular contributor over his lifetime may be a “My Life”storyline of the contributor, and have as its name the name of theperson. Like an intersection space, a storyline is a collection ofstories and other content, but in some embodiments a storyline has afundamental difference from an intersection space. A storyline iscurated by a person (or potentially people) who have the right to createstories and also borrow the stories of others. It is under control ofthe owner of the storyline with respect to which stories are included(although borrowed content may in some embodiments be editable by theoriginal creator of the story, thereby creating the opportunity for astory that has been borrowed to be changed subsequently in some way thatis unattractive to the borrower). A storyline, therefore, is undercontrol of a storyteller (storyline owner). In contrast, an intersectionspace is not under control of a particular user or owner. Anintersection space shows whatever content qualifies to appear, althoughthe content may be filtered according to reputation and other criteria,making it in a sense under the control of the consumer rather than thecreator of content. For example, all stories from all storytellers abouta concert in a park would show up at the intersection spacecorresponding to the time and place of the concert, except to the extentthat stories might be filtered out because they have been flagged asobjectionable, come from low-credibility storytellers, come fromstrangers, or fail some other test (e.g., low rating, etc.).Accordingly, the intersection space may be considered as crowd-sourcedcontent with no “owner,” whereas, a storyline comprises curated contentand an owner. For example, a user could create a storyline about theconcert or the concert series or the musical act that is performing inthe park and borrow into that storyline selected stories from theintersection space and elsewhere. Like the intersection space, thisstoryline would include stories about the concert, but unlike theintersection space it would contain only those stories created orselected by the owner of the storyline. In some embodiments, there is aone-to-one relationship between user accounts and storylines (in otherwords, each “user” has a storyline), and in other embodiments a useraccount may have multiple storylines, or no defined storyline.

The interface 503 of FIG. 5B described above is an example of aninterface configured to display the “life” storyline of a contributor. A“life” storyline may include other story lines, such as a “travel”storyline, a storyline of the contributor's experiences at the theater,a storyline for a hobby, a storyline for a vacation, a storyline foritems of interest, and so on.

In some embodiments storylines may be configured to automatically borrowstories from a specific intersection spaces (e.g., may be presentedwithin an interface such as 500, 503, and/or 504 described above) orthat meet some other criteria such as being returned as a search resultfor a term or terms. A storyline may be a story itself and/or mayinclude a collection of stories. An example of a storyline interface isdescribed below in conjunction with FIG. 27.

In some embodiments, storylines may be “nested” hierarchically and/ormay be used to organize a contributor's “life” storyline. For example,all of the stories pertaining to one of the contributor's hobbies (e.g.,horseback riding) may be included in a storyline. The “top-level” story(and/or one or more especially notable horseback riding related stories)may appear in the contributor's “life” storyline, whereas the others maynot. In some embodiments, a story may appear in more than one storylinebecause it was assigned to one or more storylines as part of the storycreation or editing processes. The relationship between stories andstorylines may be defined in story metadata using, inter alia, thestoryline input 124 of FIG. 1A. In some embodiments, a story may appearin more than one storyline because it was borrowed into second (andsubsequent) storylines. For example, a story created for the “Vacation”storyline might be borrowed into a “My Life” storyline. In someembodiments, a story may be assigned automatically to storylines basedon metadata, such as a tag. For example, a story included in the “MyLife” storyline may appear in the contributor's life storyline (e.g., inthe interface 503 of FIG. 5B), whereas a story that does not include the“My Life” storyline tag may not. Referring to the “horseback” ridingexample, the top-level horseback riding storyline (which may itself be astory) may be tagged within the “My Life” and “horseback riding”storylines. The constituent stories, however, may be tagged only withthe “horseback riding” storyline. Accordingly, only the top-levelhorseback riding story may appear in the contributor's “My Life”storyline, and the other horseback riding related stories may be“hidden” unless the viewer “drills down” to the horseback storyline.

In some embodiments, storylines with a common owner may have differentpermissions. For example, one storyline may be devoted to publicstories, while other storylines are devoted topics that are restrictedto certain circles or users, and still other storylines are not sharedat all. In some embodiments, storylines may be devoted to content thathas been imported via APIs or other means from other social mediaservices or web sites, and these storylines may be public or private.For example, a storyline might be devoted to tweets posted on TWITTER®,and this storyline might be public so that everybody can see the tweetsarranged over time, or it might be restricted or private. The owner ofthe storyline might choose to borrow certain of the tweets from theTWITTER®-oriented storyline to a more general storyline that has a wideraudience or is public. In this way, a user can import various kinds ofcontent into one or more storylines that may not be public, and pick andchoose from among the items on the storyline(s) which content they wantto display on a different storyline about their life.

In some embodiments, a storyline may be developed collaboratively. Forexample, the parents of little league baseball players may contributelittle league-related stories to a storyline dedicated to their team. Ahigh school may develop a set of stories describing their senior class,and so on.

Other storylines may be used to chronicle someone else's life, such asthe life of a semblance. For example, one or more contributors maycreate a storyline for one or more ancestors. In some embodiments ofthis, a story may appear in a storyline because the creator of the storyis considered to be a member or contributor to the collaborativestoryline.

Storylines may be used to express other types of stories that may be ofa different scope and/or focus than the life of a single person orcontributor. In one example, one or more contributors may develop astoryline chronicling the history of a location, business, entity, orthe like. The stories may, or may not, appear in the “My Life”storylines of any of the contributors. However, all the stories may beincluded in a storyline tailored to the subject matter of the stories.For example, a collection of stories chronicling the history of arestaurant may all be tagged with a “Joe's Diner” storyline tag (e.g.,using the input 124 of FIG. 1A). Using the storyline tags, thenetwork-accessible service may identify the “Joe's Diner” stories, anddisplay them within a storyline interface (e.g., like the interface503). The “Joe's Diner” storyline may include one or more “nested”storylines as described above. For example, a “sub-storyline” maychronicle each different ownership phase of the restaurant; anothernested storyline may comprise stories of the restaurant at differentlocations (e.g., stories occurring when the restaurant was at locationA, stories occurring when the restaurant was at location B, and so on).The storylines may overlap one another; for example, a particular storymay be in the restaurant storyline, may be included in an “ownership”storyline, and be in one of the “restaurant location” storylines.

In another example, a storyline may chronicle the history of aparticular piece of property. Like the restaurant storyline describedabove, the “property” storyline may be contributed by one or more users,but the stories may not necessarily appear in their “My Life”storylines, but instead may be grouped (by storyline tag) into the“property” storyline. The storyline may include stories describing theoriginal inhabitants of the property (e.g., members of the Navajotribe), describe the first Western settlers, cover the gold rush years,and so on up to the present day. In another example, a storyline maydescribe a particular program, such as the history of a large-scaleproject (e.g., the design and installation of “Cristo's Fence,” a largescale art installation that required city approval, private land ownerparticipation, and so on), the Apollo space program, or the like.

In some embodiments, a storyline may be created and/or maintained by aparticular user (e.g., the “storyline curator”). Other users may publishstories tagged (or otherwise associated) with the storyline and thecurator may determine whether the stories should be included therein,either before or after the stories are initially published to thestoryline. The curator may reject stories that do not belong in thestory line (are not relevant and/or not of sufficient quality). Thecurator may import stories by “borrowing” the stories as describedabove. In some embodiments, a storyline may be “curated” by two or moreusers (a user community), who may make shared decisions regardingstoryline content.

As described above, a storyline may be presented within an interface,such as the interfaces 500 and/or 503 described above. The interface maybe adapted to display stories having a particular storyline tag.Therefore, the stories that are available for display in the storylinemay be identified by using intersection criteria that includes thestoryline tag (e.g., using method 400).

FIG. 27 depicts one embodiment of an interface 2700 for displaying astoryline. The interface 2700 may be adapted for display in a window2702 of a browser application 2701. However, as discussed above, theinterface 2700 is not limited in this regard and could be provided usingany interface display and/or presentation mechanism known in the art.

In some embodiments, the interface 2700 may include a storyline title2710, which may be provided via an interface similar to the interface100 described above in conjunction with FIG. 1A. As discussed above, astoryline may itself be a story, in the sense that it has an overviewstory associated with it. As such, in some embodiments, the interface2700 may include story display elements, such as a title 2728, textdisplay 2708, content item display 2709 (e.g., image display) and/orimage thumbnails 2711, and so on. The storyline content may becontributed and/or edited using an interface, such as interface 100 ofFIG. 1A.

The stories comprising the storyline may be identified by a “storyline”tag as described above. In addition, the stories on the storyline may bebrowsed and/or search according to other story metadata, including, butnot limited to: timeframe (using timeframe selector 2712 of thetimeframe control 2710), location (using location identifiers 2722and/or 2723 of location control 2720), contributors (by selectingcontributors 2741 in the contributor element 2740), participants (byselecting participants 2743 in the participant element 2742), interestedpersons (by selecting interested persons 2745 in the interested personselement 2744), story type (by selecting story types 2747 in the storytype element 2746), descriptive tags (by selecting tags 2749 in the tagelement 2748), by rating (by specifying a rating threshold 2751 in therating element 2750), and so on. The controls and/or elements 2710,2720, 2740, 2742, 2744, 2746, 2748, and/or 2750 may operate as describedabove in conjunction with FIGS. 5A-5C.

As described above, stories that are to be included in the storyline maybe identified by a “storyline” tag, which may be applied by a storycontributor, borrower, and/or a storyline “curator,” as described above.Indications of the stories that are in the storyline, and theintersection space defined by the other controls/elements of theinterface 2700 discussed above, may be displayed in the region 2730. Theregion may display intersecting stories as link badges (as depicted inFIG. 27), as a list, or by some other method(s).

In some embodiments, storylines may appear to the user to be “nested”within one another. For example, the “Joe's Diner” storyline may includenested storylines chronicling particular aspects of the restaurant(e.g., management changes, location changes, etc.). The nestedstorylines may be included in the region 2730 (if they are tagged withthe top-level storyline tag). In some embodiments, an entry thatrepresents a storyline (e.g., includes one or more constituent stories),may be distinguished from other stories in the region 2730. For example,and as shown in FIG. 27, the storyline 2730 may be displayed as a“stack” of stories. Like the other stories in the region 2730, thestoryline indicator 2739 may include a title, byline (or curatoridentifier), “link badge” text, and so on. A user may select thestoryline indication 2739 to browse the stories therein (the stories inthe “nested” storyline). Accordingly, in some embodiments, when a userselects the link badge indicator 2730, the user make be linked toanother interface (similar to the interface 2700) comprising the storiestagged with the storyline tag of the storyline represented by 2739.Similar storyline indicators may be included in the regions 530described above in conjunction with FIGS. 5A and/or 5B.

In some embodiments, a story may have an associated storyline comprisingone or more constituent stories that are components or details of thestory. The story gives the big picture or overview of the content in thestoryline. For example, the story might be an overview of a summervacation and the associated storyline might contain stories and othercontent from the vacation. The story may, therefore, be thought of as an“Overview” or “Front Page” of the associated storyline. The “Overview”story of the storyline may serve as a “tag” for all of the constituentstories in the storyline. In some embodiments, this association may bemaintained in a datastore of the network-accessible service byassociating the storyline tag with the “Overview” story (e.g., astoryline data structure may include a reference to the “Overview”story). Referring to the FIG. 27 example, each story in the storylinemay be “tagged” with the “about this storyline” story (depicted aselements 2708, 2709, and 2711).

In some embodiments, a storyline may itself include “story” content(e.g., the “Overview” story content may be part of the storylineitself). This may be implemented by linking a storyline datastructure touser-contributed content items (e.g., the storyline may be a storyitself). The associated story may be used to represent the “Overview” or“Front Page” of the storyline as described above. Accordingly, thestories that are tagged with the storyline may each have access to the“Overview” story (e.g., through the storyline tag). In some embodiments,the “Overview” story may contain various kinds of data and metadata. Forexample, the overview of a person's life might include a biographyand/or general photographs and/or general video, and it might show theperson's most recent stories, favorite stories, and most highly ratedstories. It might show a feed of the person's most recent tweets, orcomments they have made on the stories or photographs of others. Itmight contain usage statistics, such as a record of the number ofstories told or commented on, or awards (badges of honor) for certainkinds of participation and/or contributions. It might contain profileinformation as described above, such as musical or literary preferences,or links to the presence of the individual on other media includingsocial media. In short, it would be a place to go to find out the latestand best about the person.

In some embodiments, content from specific storylines and overview pagescould be used as feeds that other users could subscribe to. These feedsfrom specific users and storylines would complement other feeds thatmight contain popular, recent, topical, geographically focused orotherwise distinctive aggregations of content from multiple storylines.In some embodiments, these feeds could be brought together (potentiallya home page) so that a consumer of content could see what was recent orof importance to the owners of specific storylines.

As described above, a user may create a storyline related to any topic,including a storyline comprising his/her life events; this story linemay comprise the stories contributed and/or borrowed by the user. The“My Life” (or “You”) storyline may be displayed in an interface providedby the network-accessible service, such as the interface 503 describedabove in conjunction with FIG. 5B. FIG. 28A depicts another example ofan interface for presenting a “My Life” storyline. The FIG. 28A examplecomprises the stories contributed and/or borrowed by “Peter Rinearson.”The interface 2800 includes a timeframe control 2810, which may operatesimilarly to the timeframe controls 510 and 1100 described above. TheInterface 2800 includes metadata describing stories included in the“Peter Rinearson” intersection space including Contributor(s), StoryTypes, Tags, Participants, Milestones (which may include storiesidentified by the contributor as being “life changing” marker events),Context, Profile, and so on. The interface 2800 includes a Locationselement 2820 which comprises a list of the locations visited by thecontributor over the selected timeframe 2812.

The intersections link 2830 may allow the user to see how his/her lifeintersects with the life of another user. Examples of such intersectionsare described above in conjunction with FIGS. 19A and 19B. The“intersections” may include information about common locations(locations both users have visited or are at the moment visiting),people the users know in common, age comparisons, life-eventcomparisons, stages of life, and so on. A messages link 2832 may displaymessages and/or notifications for the user, such as requests forintroductions discussed above in conjunction with FIGS. 20-24.

As discussed above, the stories included in an intersection space (the“My Life” storyline) may change as the user changes the “prevailingtimeframe” 2812 of the timeframe control 2810. FIG. 28B, shows theresult of changing the prevailing timeframe 2812 from a very broadprevailing timeframe 2812 to a narrower prevailing timeframe 2812comprising a few days in March, 2010. FIG. 28B also shows an example ofa chronological user profile display 2821 comprising preferences for thecontributor during the prevailing timeframe 2812.

Referring to FIG. 28C, a page options element 2822 may be used to filterthe stories displayed in the interface 2800 according to access controlsettings, story participant tags (e.g., show only stories in which“Peter Rinearson” is a participant” show different types of contextinformation (as discussed above in connection with FIG. 5B), and so on.FIG. 28C also shows the result of expanding the contributor element2840, which, as discussed above, may show the contributors of thestories in the intersection space (as determined by the prevailingtimeframe 2812).

As discussed above, the “My Life” storyline depicted in FIGS. 28A-28Cmay be associated with an “Overview” story, which, may provide anoverview of the contributor's life. In some embodiments, stories thatare “tagged” or otherwise associated with the “Overview” story may beincluded in the “My Life” storyline. The stories in the contributor'sintersection space (e.g., the stories contributed and/or borrowed by thecontributor) may be “tagged” with the “Overview” story, which mayprovide a “Here's who I am” introduction to the contributor. FIG. 28Ddepicts one example of an interface 2801 for presenting an “Overview”story of a contributor. The overview story interface 2801 may beaccessible via the interface 2800, by selecting the “Front Page” link(shown on the interface 2800), selecting an indicator of the contributorand/or by accessing the contributor's profile, or via some other link.As illustrated in FIG. 28D, the overview story may summarize thestoryline, which in the FIG. 28D example comprises an overview of PeterRinearson's life.

As discussed above, a contributor may create storylines other than the“My Life” storyline. The contributor may have one or more parallelstorylines for their interests, hobbies, and the like (and/or torepresent other events, entities, movements, as discussed above). Forexample, the contributor may create a storyline about his/her summervacation. Stories pertaining to the summer vacation may be included inthe “Vacation” storyline (and/or the contributor's “My Life” storyline)by tagging the stories with a “Vacation” storyline tag and/orassociating the stories with a “Vacation Overview” story. Accordingly,in some embodiments, a storyline may be a story itself. Therefore,tagging a story with the “Vacation” storyline may comprise tagging thestory with the “Vacation Overview” story. The vacation story/storylinemay comprise and/or be associated with an “Overview” or “Front Page”story as described above, which may provide a summary of the summervacation events (e.g., included a trip to Disneyland, camping inYosemite, and so on).

The vacation storyline may include one or more “nested” storylines. Forexample, the story about the trip to Disneyland may itself be astoryline, comprising stories about the contributor's experiences at thepark. These stories may be tagged with the “Disneyland trip”story/storyline, the “Vacation” story/storyline, and/or the “My Life”story/storyline. As described above, the storyline associations maydetermine which storylines will include the story (e.g., if tagged withthe “My Life” story/storyline, the story may be included in the “MyLife” storyline, and so on). In some embodiments, nested storylines maybe distinguished from a story in the intersection space (e.g., may bedisplayed as a “stacked” set of stories as in FIG. 27).

Associating a story with more than one storyline may compriseassociating the story with more than one “Overview” or “Front Page”story. For example, if a contributor tags another user (e.g., “Joe”) asa story participant, Joe's overview story may serve as a tag for thecontributor's story. If Joe accepts the tag, then the contributor'sstory may appear in Joe's “My Life” storyline. Accordingly, thecontributor's story becomes a constituent of Joe's life story, even asJoe's overview story is already a constituent of the contributor's “MyLife” storyline and potentially of the storylines of other users.Alternatively, or in addition, Joe may borrow the story into a differentstoryline that is not about Joe's overall life, but rather about adifferent aspect of Joe's life, about an organization, an event, or soforth.

In another example, a Story “A” may be about the contributor's life (maybe the contributor's “Overview” or “Front Page” story), and Stories “B,”“C,” “D,” and “E” may be stories about “parts” of the contributor'slife. Stories B, C, D, and E may be tagged with Story A (eitherimplicitly or because the contributor did so explicitly). When thecontributor accesses Story A, the network-accessible service may includea link to and/or display component to present the storyline thatcontains Stories B, C, D, and/or E. When a user accesses Story B (orStory C, D, or E), Story A may be presented as a tag to helps define theindividual story.

For instance, Story E may be about taking a family trip to Disneyland.As already noted, Story E may be tagged with Story A, indicating that itis part of the storyline associated with the overview Story A (which isabout the contributor's life). The contributor may author a Story Xabout waiting in line for tickets at Disneyland; Story Y, which is abouthaving lunch; and Story Z about being called up on stage to sing beforea crowd Disneyland. The contributor may associate Stories X, Y and Zwith the story/storyline of Story E, to indicate that these stories areall part of the “Disneyland” storyline. Accordingly, when Story E ispresented by the network-accessible service, the interface may includean indication that there is a storyline available that includes otherstories (e.g., Stories X, Y and Z).

Because Story Z is about a big event (e.g., singing on stage), thecontributor may decide to make this story appear in his/her main (e.g.,“My Life”) storyline The contributor may tag Story Z the “My Life”storyline tag, which, as discussed above, may be Story A (the “Overview”story of the contributor's life). Accordingly, the Story Z may beincluded in the “My Life” storyline of the contributor (Story A) as wellas the “Disneyland” storyline (Story E). By contrast, the less prominentstories about waiting in line at Disneyland (e.g., Story X) or abouthaving lunch at Disneyland (Story Y) may not be tagged with Story A, the“My Life” storyline, and, as such, may not appear in the “My Life”storyline. The “My Life” storyline may, however, include thestory/storyline about Disneyland (e.g., Story E), through which theStories X, Y, and Z may be accessed.

FIG. 29 depicts various examples of one embodiment of interface elements2900 for specifying and/or displaying access control and/or privacypolicy information. In some embodiments, the interface elements depictedin FIG. 29 may be provided as browser-renderable markup for display in abrowser application. Alternatively, or in addition, the elements 2900may be provided as stand-alone applications, application components,plug-ins, or the like.

A circle component 2910 may be configured to provide for the displayand/or editing of user circles 2911A-C. A user may add new circles usingan add control 2912, may delete circles using respective delete controls2914A-C, may modify circle membership, and the like. Users and/orsemblances may be added or removed from the circles 2911A-C usingrespective controls 2916 and 2918A-C. The circle add controls 2918A-Cmay include respective user directory controls 2919A-C to allow the userto add circle members from a user directory and/or from one or moreuser-defined semblances.

An alias component 2920 may provide for the display and/or editing ofuser-defined aliases. The component 2920 may comprise timeframe aliases2922, comprising timeframe aliases identifiers 2923 and associatedtimeframes 2924 (the timeframes represented by aliases 2923, which maybe expressed in absolute time, virtual or relative time, not specified,or the like), and/or access controls 2926. The access control input 2926is used to specify the circle(s) (if any) that have access to thetimeframes 2924 associated with the aliases identifier 2923.

The timeframe aliases 2922 may comprise timeframe browser controls 2925,which, when selected, may cause a time selection component to bedisplayed for selection of an alias timeframe 2924. The selectioncomponent (not shown) may comprise a timeframe control, such as thecontrols 510, 1100, and/or 2710 described above, a calendar control,text entry field, or the like. The access controls 2926 may determinewhich circles (if any) are allowed to access the timeframes 2926 of therespective timeframe alias identifiers 2923.

The component 2920 may comprise location aliases 2930, which may providefor the display and/or editing of user-defined location aliases. Thelocation aliases 2930 may comprise location alias identifiers 2931,associated locations 2932 (the locations represented by the locationaliases 2931, which may expressed as a real location, an address, aregion, a virtual location, not specified, or the like), and/or accesscontrols 2934. The location aliases 2930 may comprise a timeframebrowser control 2933, which, when selected, may cause a locationselection component to be displayed (e.g., a location control, such asthe controls 520 described above, a virtual map, a text entry, or thelike). The access controls 2934 may determine which circles (if any) areallowed to access the locations (addresses) 2926 of the respectivelocation alias identifiers 2932.

The component 2920 may comprise contributor aliases 2940, which mayprovide for the display and/or editing of user-defined contributoraliases. As discussed above, contributor aliases may be used to “hide”the true identity of the contributor of a story (or other content) fromother users of the network-accessible service (website). Accordingly,the contributor aliases 2940 may comprise one or more contributor aliasidentifiers 2941 and corresponding access controls 2942. The accesscontrols 2942 may specify which circle(s) (if any) may access thecontributor's true identity when the respective contributor aliasidentifier 2941 is used.

The component 2920 may comprise profile aliases 2944, which may providefor the display and/or editing of user-define profile alias. The profilealiases may comprise user profile alias identifiers 2945 andcorresponding profile attribute values 2946, and/or corresponding accesscontrols 2948. The profile alias identifiers 2945 may be alias valuesused in connection with a user profile, which may be tied tocorresponding “actual” user profile value of the attribute 2946. Forexample, the user may specify that a “cartoon” image 2945 is to bedisplayed as his/her profile avatar unless the user accessing theprofile is in the specified circle(s) (e.g. in the “family” circle)2948. The profile aliases may include a browse or search control 2947through which the user specifies attribute values to display for eachalias 2945.

Although not shown in FIG. 29, the alias component 2920 could include“add” and/or “remove” controls (buttons or other interface elements) toadd and/or remove entries from each of the timeframe aliases 2922,location aliases 2930, contributor aliases 2940, and/or profile aliases2944.

A tagging policy component 2950 may provide for the display and/ormanagement of user tagging policies. The tagging policies may controlhow the user may be identified in stories contributed by other users ofthe network-accessible service (e.g., whether the user can automaticallybe tagged as a participant and/or interested user in others' stories).

A participant policy 2952 may define how participant tags are to behandled. In the example depicted in FIG. 29, a “default” participantpolicy may exist, which may be that the user is prompted before beingadded as a participant to any story. Therefore, if none of theparticipant policies 2952 applies to a particular participant tag, thedefault policy may be implemented, and the user may be prompted beforebeing added as a participant. In other embodiments, the default policymay be policy 2956, where the user is identified as a participant, butdoes not “borrow” the story unless the user explicitly indicates.Alternatively, the user may specify a default participant policy in thecomponent 2950 (not shown).

The participant policy 2954 may identify one or more users and/or groups2955 that the user trusts to make accurate (and/or tasteful) participanttags. When the user is tagged as a participant in content submitted byone of these users 2955, the user may automatically accept theparticipant tag and borrow the story. The policy 2954 may furthercomprise a directive specifying how the borrowed story is to be shared(not shown) (e.g., share the borrowed story as “public,” and/or withinone or more user-defined circles). The component 2950 may includecontrols to add and/or remove users and/or circles from the policy 2954.

The participant policy 2956 may identify one or more users and/or groups2957 that the user will allow to automatically tag him/her as aparticipant, but whose content the user will not automatically publish.Accordingly, when the user is tagged as a participant in contentsubmitted by one of these users 2957, the user may automatically acceptthe participant tag, but not borrow the story. The component 2950 mayinclude controls to add and/or remove users and/or circles from thepolicy 2956.

The participant policy 2958 may list users and/or groups 2959 whoseparticipant tags are automatically rejected by the user. As above, thecomponent 2950 may include controls to add and/or remove users and/orgroups from the policy 2958.

The control 2950 may further comprise an interested person policy 2960.The interested person policy 2960 may comprise similar policies (notshown) to the participant policies 2952, 2954, and/or 2956 describedabove. For example, an interested person policy 2960 may includepolicies identifying users and/or groups whose “interested person” tagsare automatically accepted (and whose stories are automaticallyborrowed) may be provided, may include a policy to automatically accept“interested person” tags from certain users and/or circles, but notautomatically borrow the stories, and/or policies to automaticallyreject “interested person” tags from specified users and/or circles.

In some embodiments, each time a user is tagged as a story participantand/or interested person, the user may be prompted whether to accept thetag and borrow the story, accept the tag, but not borrow the story,and/or to reject the tag. Each of these options may include an indicatorallowing the user to set a corresponding policy rule. For example, ifthe user wishes to always reject tags from the identified user, an inputon the prompt may be provided to “always reject tags from user X.”Similarly, an input to always accept and/or always accept and publishmay be provided. These prompts may be used to generate the policyinformation depicted in component 2950 “on-the-fly.”

A component 2970 may provide for the display and/or editing of a“global” chronological access control policy. A “global” access controlpolicy may apply to all stories having a particular set of attributes,such as timeframe. As discussed above, in some embodiments, access touser-content content may be specified within pre-defined time ranges. Aspecified policy may be applied to all user-contributed (or borrowed)within a particular timeframe. For example, a user may want to hide thecontent related to his high school years from view (until he eventuallymoves away from his home town). A chronological access control policy2972 may be configured to express this policy information; the timeframe2972 may specify the timeframe comprising the user's high school years,and the corresponding access control policy 2973 may indicate that noone is to have access to the content. In another example, a particulartimeframe 2974 may be available to one or more circles (e.g., the user'sfamily circle 2975), and in another example, the content associated withthe timeframe 2976 may be available publically (per access control2977). The timeframe inputs 2972, 2974, and/or 2976 may compriserespective timeframe input selectors which, as described above, maycomprise a timeframe control, calendar selector, or the like. The accesscontrol inputs 2973, 2975, and/or 2977 may be used to specify one ormore user-defined circles, individual users, specify no users and/orcircles, or the like.

Although the component 2970 describes a global access control policybased on timeframe, the disclosure is not limited in this regard. Otherglobal access controls could be used under the teachings of thisdisclosure. For example, a global access control policy may be definedwith respect to locations, descriptive tags, participant(s), interestedperson(s) and so on. For example, a location-related global accesscontrol policy could automatically mark all stories occurring in thecontributor's home as available only to the “family” circle. Similarly,a “participant” global access control policy could set all stories inwhich the contributor's children are participants to “family” accessonly, and so on.

FIG. 30 is a block diagram of one embodiment of a system 3000 andapparatus 3010 for providing the features taught herein. The apparatus3010 may provide network-accessible services to one or more users 3030via a network 3040. The network 3040 may comprise any communicationmechanisms known in the art including, but not limited to: a TCP/IPnetwork (e.g., the Internet), a LAN, a WAN, a VPN, a PSTN, a wirelessnetwork (e.g., radio, IEEE 802.11), a combination of networks, and soon. The apparatus 3010 may comprise one or more computing devices 3012,each comprising a processor 3011, memory 3015, and one or more networkinterfaces 3013 to communicatively couple the apparatus 3010 to thenetwork 3040.

The apparatus 3010 may be configured to communicate with the usercomputing devices 3030 via the network 3040 to receive informationtherefrom, such as user registration information, user profileinformation, user-submitted content, metadata, intersection criteria,and so on, as disclosed above. The user computing devices 3030 may beoperated by respective users (not shown) and may each comprise anapplication 3032 configured to interface with the network-accessibleservice 3010 via the network 3030. The user computing devices 3030 maycomprise personal computer, laptops, cellular phones (e.g., smartphones), handheld computing devices, tablet computers or the like. Theapplications 3032 may be configured to communicate with thenetwork-accessible service 3010. In some embodiments, the application(s)3032 may comprise general purpose web-browser applications, standaloneapplications, special purpose applications, application plug-ins, or thelike.

The apparatus 3010 may store user-submitted content, user-providedinformation (e.g., profile information, circle membership, etc), and/orrecords of user interactions with the apparatus 3010 in one or moredatastores 3014. The datastores 3014 may comprise computer-readablestorage media, such as hard disks, non-volatile solid-state storagedevices, and the like. The datastores 3014 may provide data storageservices, such as database storage services, directory services, and thelike.

The apparatus 3010 may provide various user interfaces, through whichthe users 3030 may: author, contribute, upload, and/or publishuser-submitted content; manage content collections (e.g., storylines);present user-submitted content; search or browse user-submitted content;manage user profile or account information; maintain user privacysettings; manage access control preferences; and so on, as disclosedherein. The interfaces provided by the apparatus 3010 may be configuredto be presented on various different human-machine interfaces providedby various different types of user computing devices 3030, as disclosedabove.

The apparatus 3010 (via the computing devices 3012) may implement one ormore modules 3020, which may be embodied as computer-readableinstructions stored on the datastores 3014. The instructions may beexecutable by processing resources 3011 of the computing devices 3012.Accordingly, the modules 3020 may operate on the processor 3011 of thecomputing device 3012. The modules 3020 may include an interface module3020 configured to provide the interfaces described herein. In someembodiments, some of the interfaces may be provided asbrowser-renderable markup. Accordingly, the interface module 3020 maycomprise a web server.

The apparatus 3010 may comprise a storage module 3022 configured tostore and/or index user-submitted content received via the interfacesprovided by the interface module 3020. The user-submitted content mayinclude, but is not limited to: photographs, text, video, audio, contentcollections (e.g., stories, storylines), metadata, user profileinformation, user preferences, security settings, and so on. Theinterface module 3020 may be configured to present content stored on thestorage module 3022 as described above.

The apparatus 3010 may comprise an analysis module 3024, which may beconfigured to analyze user-submitted content, metadata, and/or userinteractions with the apparatus 3010 to determine user stage of life,disposition, identify user affinities, identify intersections, and soon, as described above. The analysis module 3024 may make the results ofthe analysis available to the other modules (e.g., interface module3020) for display.

In some embodiments, the apparatus 3010 may include an access controlmodule 3026, which may control access to user-submitted content, userprofile information, and the like, as described above. Accordingly, theaccess control module 3026 may store records (on the datastores 3014) ofuser-defined circles, aliases, and the like. User registration, userprofile, user modeling, and other information may be maintained by auser module 3028. The user module 3028 may store the user informationdescribed above on the datastores 3014. The apparatus 3010 may use thecomputing devices 3012, datastores 3014 and/or modules 3020, 3022, 3024,3026, and/or 3028 to implement the features described above.

In some embodiments, the modules 3020 further include a user interfacemodule 3050 and an intersection module 3052.

The user interface module 3050 may be configured to provide userinterfaces and/or user interface components to users via the network3040. The user interface module 3050 may provide for displaying theinterfaces described herein (e.g., authoring interfaces, intersectioninterfaces, story interfaces, and so on).

The intersection module 3052 is configured to receive a request or queryfor an intersection space from a user or other entity via the network3040. The query may include intersection criteria comprising a timeframeand/or location of interest. The intersection criteria may furthercomprise descriptive tags, participant tags, rating criteria, and so on.

The intersection module 3052 may be configured to select stories forinclusion in an intersection space corresponding to the query. Asdiscussed above, a story may be included in the intersection space whenthe intersection metadata of the story matches the intersectioncriteria. The intersection module 3052 may leverage the storage module3022, analysis module 3024, access module 3026, and/or user module 3028to generate the intersection space.

In some embodiments, the intersection module 3052 modifies theintersection criteria when the intersection space includes less than athreshold number of stories (e.g., less than a sufficiency threshold).The modifications may comprise expanding the intersection criteria, suchthat more stories will be included in the intersection space. Themodifications may include scaling timeframe and/or location criteria bya proportional scaling factor.

In some embodiments, the intersection module 3052 filters theintersection space when the intersection space includes more than athreshold number of stories and/or to filter the stories included in theintersection space as a result of modifications to the intersectioncriteria. The filtering may comprise comparing minimum and/or maximumarea values, spectral partitioning, or the like.

In some embodiments, the intersection module 3052 applies accesscontrols to determine whether a user requesting the intersection spacehas access to certain intersecting stories. The access control decisionsmay be implemented by the access control module 3026 and may comprisedetermining user circle membership using the user module 3028. Theintersection space 3052 may filter story content, such as locationidentifiers, participant identifiers, and the like, according to accesscontrol policies, as described above.

The intersection module 3052 may be further configured to assign arelative importance to the stories in the intersection space. Therelative importance may be based upon how closely the intersectionmetadata of the story corresponds to the intersection criteria (e.g.,the relevance of the intersection metadata to the intersectioncriteria). The importance may also be based upon user-defined indicatorsof story importance.

The intersection space generated by the intersection module 3052 may bepresented to a user in an interface generated by the interface module3050 and/or displayed in an application 3032 operating on a usercomputing device. The intersection space may comprise story indicators(e.g., in link badge, list, or another format). The story indicators maybe displayed according to their relative importance.

Users may collaborate on story content through the network-accessibleservice 3010. In some embodiments, an author presents story content tousers in a “virtual space,” such as a chatroom, Skype® call, forum,online presentation, instant messaging service, or other suitableinterface provided by the network-accessible service 3010 or third-partyservice. Users may contribute commentary and/or annotations(“collaborative content”) as the story content is presented. Thecollaborative content is synchronized with the presentation of the storycontent in the virtual space. The author of the story may selectiveincorporate the collaborative content into the story. Collaborativecontent may be submitted by different people at different times (e.g.,in different virtual spaces to different audiences). The collaborativecontent may include, but is not limited to: text, video, images, audio,or the like.

In some embodiments, the network-accessible service 3010 (or otherthird-party service) records the collaborative content as the storycontent is presented in a virtual space. The recording may compriseassociating the collaborative content with story content (e.g.,synchronizing audio commentary to a video). The collaborative contentmay, therefore, be synchronized to the story content as the story istold in the virtual space. Alternatively, or in addition, thecollaborative content may be associated with particular story contentitems. For example, collaborative content pertaining to a particularphoto may be synchronized with display of the photo in the virtual space(or otherwise associated with the story photo). In another example,collaborative content pertaining to a particular scene in a video issynchronized with display of the scene. Accordingly, recording thecollaborative content may comprise recording metadata identifying theportion(s) of the story to which the collaborative content pertains.

Collaborative content may comprise metadata that identifies a timeframeand/or a time “offset” with respect the presentation of the story in thevirtual space and/or within particular story content items (e.g., fiveminutes into a video). In another example, collaborative content mayreference a time before or after a timeframe of the story. For example,collaborative content may describe the results of story events or may“setup” events in a story.

Collaborative content may be submitted by respective contributors. Whenstory content is presented in a virtual space, each contributor maysubmit a “stream” of collaborative content (e.g., a running commentary).The network-accessible service 3010 associates each of the multiplestreams with the story content and a respective contributor (or device).The commentary streams may be selectively played back with the storycontent. For example, a user may review the story content with thesynchronized, collaborative content of one or more selectedcontributors. Alternatively, a user may play back the entirepresentation along with the synchronized collaborative content of eachcontributor.

The author of the story content may selectively incorporate portions ofthe collaborative content into the story (or leverage the collaborativecontent to author a story). As such, portions of the collaborativecontent may become part of the story. Incorporating collaborativecontent may comprise converting the content into another form (e.g.,converting voice into text, etc.). Alternatively, or in addition,collaborative content may be included in a separate story or storylinethat is associated with the story content. Accordingly, when the storycontent is shown again, it may include selected portions of thecollaborative content.

In some embodiments, collaborative content is received via a storypresentation interface of the network-accessible service 3010. Referringback to FIG. 5C, a user accessing a story may collaborate on the storyvia the comment input 579. In another example, the comment input 579 isadapted to include inputs to specify a timeframe of the collaborativecontent and/or to specify a story content item to which thecollaborative content pertains (e.g., to indicate that the collaborativecontent pertains to a particular photograph 509). The story author mayselectively incorporate the commentary into the story, as describedabove.

In some embodiments, story content is presented in a virtual space, suchas an interface of the network-accessible service 3010 and/or throughanother service, such as a chatroom, Skype® call, forum, onlinepresentation, instant messaging service, or the like. Users collaborateon the story through commentary and/or annotations submitted as thestory is presented in the virtual space (e.g., as the story is beingtold). The collaborative content is recorded and synchronized with thepresentation of the story content in the virtual space. Accordingly,when story content is presented in a virtual space, thenetwork-accessible service 3010 (or other, third-party service) recordsmultiple “streams” of collaborative content that may be synchronizedwith the story (e.g., synchronized to the story as it was “told” in thevirtual space). For example, a user may present a story of a dancerecital in a virtual space (e.g., a Skype® call). The story may includeone or more photos of the recital, a text (or audio) description of therecital, a video of selected numbers, and the like. As the story ispresented, users of the virtual space submit collaborative content, suchas audio commentary on the recital, text commentary, photos of theirown, etc. The presentation of the story in the virtual space is recordedalong with the multiple streams of collaborative (each from a differentrespective contributor). The collaborative content may be synchronizedto the presentation of the story within the virtual space; for example,a comment on a particular story photo is synchronized with the time thephoto was shown.

The author may selectively incorporate the collaborative content, suchthat the next time the story content is presented, the selectedcollaborative content is included (at the appropriate time according tothe synchronization described above). In some embodiments, an authoraccesses the recording of the presentation of the story content, alongwith the synchronized collaborative content, to author the story. Inthis example, the author acts as a “curator” to distill the originalstory content and collaborative content into a story. Alternatively, thestory content and selected portions of the collaborative content may bemaintained in a “collaborative content” storyline, or the like.

FIG. 31 is a flow diagram of one embodiment of a method 3100 forcollaborative storytelling in a virtual space. At step 3110, the method3100 starts and is initialized as described above. Step 3120 comprisespresenting story content in a virtual space, such as a forum, instantmessaging service, chatroom, communication medium (e.g., Skype® call),or the like.

At step 3130, and as the story content is presented in the virtualspace, the method 3100 receives collaborative content pertaining to thestory content from one or more contributors. The contributors mayinclude the “audience” of the virtual space and/or the author of thestory content. The collaborative content may comprise content of anytype, including text, video, audio (e.g., voice), video, etc. Thecollaborative content may be received through the virtual space or viaanother “sideband” communication interface (e.g., email, separate audiochannel, etc.).

At step 3140, the method 3100 records the collaborative content receivedat step 3130 and associates the collaborate content with the storycontent presented at step 3120. The collaborative content may beassociated with respective contributors. Accordingly, step 3140 maycomprise storing a plurality of “streams” of collaborative content andassociating each stream with a respective contributor. Step 3140 furthercomprises synchronizing the collaborative content streams withpresentation the of the story content in the virtual space, as describedabove.

At step 3150, the author of the story content selects collaborativecontent to include in the story. Step 3150 may comprise the authorselecting portions of each of one or more “streams” of collaborativecontent. The selected collaborative content may be incorporated as storycontent, such that the collaborative content is included the next timethe story content is presented in a virtual space. In some embodiments,step 3150 comprises converting collaborative content into anotherformat. For example, audio or video commentary may be converted intotext, an image may be incorporated into a video slideshow, or the like.The incorporation may comprise identifying the contributor of thecollaborative content as an author or “contributor” to the story and/orgiving the contributor the right to edit and/or comment on thecollaborative content.

At step 3160, the story content, including the selected collaborativecontent, is presented to a user in an interface or virtual space (e.g.,the interface 504 of FIG. 5C). The collaborative content may besynchronized with the story content and/or associated with particularstory content items, as described above. In some embodiments, thecollaborative content may be distinguished from content of the storyauthor (e.g., using highlighting, or other interface elements). At step3170, the flow ends.

The above description provides numerous specific details for a thoroughunderstanding of the embodiments described herein. However, those ofskill in the art will recognize that one or more of the specific detailsmay be omitted, or other methods, components, or materials may be used.In some cases, operations are not shown or described in detail.

Furthermore, the described features, operations, or characteristics maybe combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. It willalso be readily understood that the order of the steps or actions of themethods described in connection with the embodiments disclosed may bechanged as would be apparent to those skilled in the art. Thus, anyorder in the drawings or Detailed Description is for illustrativepurposes only and is not meant to imply a required order, unlessspecified to require an order.

Embodiments may include various steps, which may be embodied inmachine-executable instructions to be executed by a general-purpose orspecial-purpose computer (or other electronic device). Alternatively,the steps may be performed by hardware components that include specificlogic for performing the steps, or by a combination of hardware,software, and/or firmware.

Embodiments may also be provided as a computer program product includinga computer-readable storage medium having stored instructions thereonthat may be used to program a computer (or other electronic device) toperform processes described herein. The computer-readable storage mediummay include, but is not limited to: hard drives, floppy diskettes,optical disks, CD-ROMs, DVD-ROMs, ROMs, RAMs, EPROMs, EEPROMs, magneticor optical cards, solid-state memory devices, or other types ofmedium/machine-readable medium suitable for storing electronicinstructions.

As used herein, a software module or component may include any type ofcomputer instruction or computer executable code located within a memorydevice and/or computer-readable storage medium. A software module may,for instance, comprise one or more physical or logical blocks ofcomputer instructions, which may be organized as a routine, program,object, component, data structure, etc., that perform one or more tasksor implements particular abstract data types.

In certain embodiments, a particular software module may comprisedisparate instructions stored in different locations of a memory device,which together implement the described functionality of the module.Indeed, a module may comprise a single instruction or many instructions,and may be distributed over several different code segments, amongdifferent programs, and across several memory devices. Some embodimentsmay be practiced in a distributed computing environment where tasks areperformed by a remote processing device linked through a communicationsnetwork. In a distributed computing environment, software modules may belocated in local and/or remote memory storage devices. In addition, databeing tied or rendered together in a database record may be resident inthe same memory device, or across several memory devices, and may belinked together in fields of a record in a database across a network.

It will be understood by those having skill in the art that many changesmay be made to the details of the above-described embodiments withoutdeparting from the underlying principles of the invention.

What is claimed is:
 1. A non-transitory computer-readable storage mediumcomprising instructions configured for execution by a computing device,to cause the computing device to perform operations, comprising:receiving a query associated with a user, the query comprising anintersection criteria, the intersection criteria comprising a specifiedlocation and a specified timeframe; generating an intersection spaceresponsive to the query by: accessing a plurality of stories, each storysubmitted by a submitter and comprising one or more content items andhaving respective intersection metadata, the intersection metadata ofeach story comprising a location and a timeframe pertaining to thestory, selecting stories for inclusion in the intersection space thateach have intersection metadata corresponding to the location and thetimeframe of the intersection criteria, accessing timeframe-dependentaccess controls provided by respective submitters that submitted theselected stories; filtering the selected stories based on thetimeframe-dependent access controls, such that each remaining selectedstory in the intersection space is associated with one or moretimeframes the user is authorized to access based on the correspondingtimeframe-dependent access controls; and displaying the intersectionspace to the user on a display device, the display comprising indicatorsof one or more of the filtered stories selected for inclusion in theintersection space.
 2. The non-transitory computer-readable storagemedium of claim 1, the operations further comprising extracting at leasta portion of the intersection criteria from a content item associatedwith the user.
 3. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium ofclaim 2, wherein the content item comprises an image.
 4. Thenon-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein thelocation of the intersection criteria corresponds to a physicallocation.
 5. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium ofclaim 1, wherein the location of the intersection criteria correspondsto a virtual location.
 6. The non-transitory computer-readable storagemedium of claim 1, wherein the location of the intersection criteriacorresponds to a mobile location.
 7. The non-transitorycomputer-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein the specifiedtimeframe corresponds to a virtual timeframe.
 8. The non-transitorycomputer-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein atimeframe-dependent access control of a submitter permits user access tostories that correspond to a first timeframe and denies user access tostories that correspond to a second, different timeframe.
 9. Thenon-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein atimeframe-dependent access control of a submitter permits access tostories associated with a particular timeframe to a first set of usersand denies access to the stories associated with the particulartimeframe to a second, different set of users.
 10. A system, comprising:a network-accessible computing device comprising a processor and adatastore, the datastore comprising a plurality of story records, eachstory record submitted by a submitter and comprising one or more contentitems, and each story record assigned a respective timeframe accesscontrol and having respective intersection metadata, the intersectionmetadata of each story record comprising a location and a timeframepertaining to the story record; an intersection module operating on theprocessor, wherein the intersection module is configured to: generate anintersection space in response to a query from a user, the querycomprising intersection criteria comprising a specified location and aspecified timeframe, by selecting story records from the datastore forinclusion in the intersection space each having a location that matchesthe location of the intersection criteria and a timeframe that matchesthe timeframe of the intersection criteria, and filtering the storyrecords selected for inclusion in the intersection space based on thetimeframe access controls associated with the respective story records,each timeframe access control specified by a submitter that submittedone or more of the selected story records such that each remainingselected story record is associated with one or more timeframesindicated, by a submitter that submitted the remaining selected storyrecord, as being accessible to the user; and an interface module topresent the intersection space to the user on a display, theintersection space comprising indicators of one or more of the filteredstory records selected for inclusion in the intersection space.
 11. Thesystem of claim 10, wherein the intersection module is furtherconfigured to extract at least a portion of the intersection criteriafrom an image associated with the user.
 12. The system of claim 10,wherein the location of the intersection criteria corresponds to one ofa physical location, a virtual location, or a mobile location.
 13. Thesystem of claim 10, wherein the timeframe of the intersection criteriacorresponds to a virtual timeframe.
 14. The system of claim 10, whereina timeframe access control of a submitter permits user access to storyrecords that correspond to a first timeframe and denies user access tostory records that correspond to a second, different timeframe.
 15. Thesystem of claim 10, wherein a timeframe access control of a submitterpermits access to story records associated with a particular timeframeto a first set of users and denies access to the story recordsassociated with the particular timeframe to a second, different set ofusers.
 16. A method performed by one or more processors configured toperform operations comprising: receiving a query associated with a user,the query comprising an intersection criteria, the intersection criteriacomprising a specified location and a specified timeframe; generating anintersection space responsive to the query by: accessing a plurality ofstories stored on a computer-readable storage medium, each storysubmitted by a submitter and comprising one or more content items andhaving respective intersection metadata, the intersection metadata ofeach story comprising a location and a timeframe pertaining to thestory, selecting stories for inclusion in the intersection space thateach have intersection metadata corresponding to the location and thetimeframe of the intersection criteria, filtering the selected storiesbased on timeframe-dependent access controls associated with therespective selected stories, each timeframe-dependent access controlspecified by a submitter that submitted one or more of the selectedstories such that each remaining selected story is associated with oneor more timeframes indicated, by a submitter that submitted theremaining selected story, as being accessible to the user; anddisplaying the intersection space to the user on a display device, thedisplay comprising indicators of one or more of the filtered storiesselected for inclusion in the intersection space.
 17. The method ofclaim 16, the operations further comprising extracting at least aportion of the intersection criteria from an image associated with theuser.
 18. The method of claim 16, wherein the location of theintersection criteria corresponds to one of a physical location, avirtual location, or a mobile location.
 19. The method of claim 16,wherein a timeframe access control of a submitter permits user access tostories that correspond to a first timeframe and denies user access tostories that correspond to a second, different timeframe.
 20. The methodof claim 16, wherein a timeframe-dependent access control of a submitterpermits access to stories associated with a particular timeframe to afirst set of users and denies access to the stories associated with theparticular timeframe to a second, different set of users.
 21. The methodof claim 1, wherein the submitters are associated with a social mediasite and respective stories are submitted to the social media site.